SELECT INTO Statement

The SELECT INTO statement retrieves values from one or more database tables (as the SQL SELECT statement does) and stores them in either variables or a record (which the SQL SELECT statement does not do).

By default, the SELECT INTO statement retrieves one or more columns from a single row. With the BULK COLLECT clause, this statement retrieves an entire result set into one or more collections. The SELECT INTO statement with the BULK COLLECT clause is faster than equivalent loops with FETCH statements. For more information, see "Reducing Loop Overhead with Bulk SQL".

See Also:

Oracle Database SQL Language Reference for the syntax of the SQL SELECT statement

Topics:

Syntax
Semantics
Examples
Related Topics

Syntax

select_into_statement ::=

Description of the illustration select_into_statement.gif

See table_reference ::=.

select_item ::=

Description of the illustration select_item.gif

See:

table_reference ::=

Description of the illustration table_reference.gif

Semantics

select_into_statement

DISTINCT or UNIQUE

Causes the database to return only one copy of each set of duplicate rows selected. These two keywords are synonymous. Duplicate rows are those with matching values for each select_item.

Restrictions on DISTINCT and UNIQUE

The total number of bytes in all select_item expressions is limited to the size of a data block minus some overhead. This size is specified by the initialization parameter DB_BLOCK_SIZE.
No select_item expression can contain a LOB column.

ALL

Causes the database to return all rows selected, including all copies of duplicates. This is the default.

Selects all columns.

BULK COLLECT

Enables the SELECT INTO statement to return multiple rows, which it stores in one or more collections of records (which must already exist). You can declare associative arrays or nested tables that grow as needed to hold the entire result set.

Without BULK COLLECT, the SELECT INTO statement must return only one row. Otherwise, PL/SQL raises the predefined exception TOO_MANY_ROWS and the values of the variables in the INTO clause are undefined.

variable_name

The name of a variable into which a select_item value is fetched. For each select_item value returned by the query, there must be a corresponding, type-compatible variable in the list. With BULK COLLECT, variable_name can be the name of a collection of records.

Restriction on variable_name You cannot select into a BOOLEAN variable.

record_name

A user-defined or %ROWTYPE record into which rows of values are selected. The record must have a corresponding, type-compatible field for each select_item.

subquery

A SQL SELECT statement (not a PL/SQL SELECT INTO statement) that provides a set of rows for processing.

alias

Another (usually short) name for the referenced column, table, or view.

rest_of_statement

Anything that can follow the FROM clause in a SQL SELECT statement (except the SAMPLE clause). For the syntax of the SQL SELECT statement, see Oracle Database SQL Language Reference.

select_item

If the SELECT INTO statement returns no rows, PL/SQL raises the exception NO_DATA_FOUND. To guard against this exception, select the result of the aggregate function COUNT(*), which returns a single value even if no rows match the condition.

schema_name

The name of the schema that contains the table or view. The default is your own schema.

table_name

The name of a database table.

view_name

The name of a database view.

column_name

The name of a column of the table or view.

Selects all columns of the table or view.

sequence_name

The name of a sequence.

CURRVAL

The current value in the sequence.

NEXTVAL

The next value in the sequence.

alias

Another (usually short) name for the referenced column, table, or view.

table_reference

A reference to a table or view for which you have the SELECT privilege, which is accessible when you run the SELECT INTO statement.

Examples