Index

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Z

Symbols

% (percent) used with LIKE operator, 7.7.1

+ (plus sign) in Oracle Automatic Storage Management filenames, 8

Numerics

20th century, 3.4.2.4

21st century, 3.4.2.4

A

ABORT LOGICAL STANDBY clause

of ALTER DATABASE, 10.2, 10.2

ABS function, 5.6

ACCESSED GLOBALLY clause

of CREATE CONTEXT, 14

ACCOUNT LOCK clause

of ALTER USER. See CREATE USER

of CREATE USER, 17

ACCOUNT UNLOCK clause

of ALTER USER. See CREATE USER

of CREATE USER, 17

ACOS function, 5.6

ACTIVATE STANDBY DATABASE clause

of ALTER DATABASE, 10.2

AD and A.D. datetime format elements, 3.4.2.2

ADD clause

of ALTER DIMENSION, 10.2

of ALTER INDEXTYPE, 10.2

of ALTER TABLE, 12

of ALTER VIEW, 13

ADD DATAFILE clause

of ALTER TABLESPACE, 12

ADD LOGFILE clause

of ALTER DATABASE, 10.2

ADD LOGFILE GROUP clause

of ALTER DATABASE, 10.2

ADD LOGFILE MEMBER clause

of ALTER DATABASE, 10.2, 10.2

ADD LOGFILE THREAD clause

of ALTER DATABASE, 10.2

ADD OVERFLOW clause

of ALTER TABLE, 12

ADD PARTITION clause

of ALTER TABLE, 12, 12, 12

ADD PRIMARY KEY clause

of ALTER MATERIALIZED VIEW LOG, 11

ADD ROWID clause

of ALTER MATERIALIZED VIEW, 11

ADD SUPPLEMENTAL LOG DATA clause

of ALTER DATABASE, 10.2

ADD SUPPLEMENTAL LOG GROUP clause

of ALTER TABLE, 12

ADD TEMPFILE clause

of ALTER TABLESPACE, 12

ADD VALUES clause

of ALTER TABLE ... MODIFY PARTITION, 12, 12

ADD_MONTHS function, 5.6

adding a constraint, 12

ADMINISTER ANY SQL TUNING SET system privilege, 18

ADMINISTER DATABASE TRIGGER system privilege, 18

ADMINISTER SQL MANAGEMENT OBJECT system privilege, 18, 18

ADMINISTER SQL TUNING SET system privilege, 18

ADVISE clause

of ALTER SESSION, 11

ADVISOR system privilege, 18

aggregate functions, 5.3

alias

for a column, 9.2

for an expressions in a view query, 17

specifying in queries and subqueries, 19

ALL clause

of SELECT, 19

of SET CONSTRAINTS, 19

of SET ROLE, 19

ALL EXCEPT clause

of SET ROLE, 19

ALL operator, 7.2

ALL PRIVILEGES clause

of GRANT, 18

of REVOKE, 18

ALL PRIVILEGES shortcut

of AUDIT, 13

ALL shortcut

of AUDIT, 13

ALL_COL_COMMENTS data dictionary view, 13

ALL_INDEXTYPE_COMMENTS data dictionary view, 13

ALL_MVIEW_COMMENTS data dictionary view, 13

ALL_OPERATOR_COMMENTS data dictionary view, 13

ALL_ROWS hint, 3.6.4.1

ALL_TAB_COMMENTS data dictionary view, 13

all-column wildcard, 19

ALLOCATE EXTENT clause

of ALTER CLUSTER, 10.2, 10.2

of ALTER INDEX, 10.2

of ALTER MATERIALIZED VIEW, 11

of ALTER TABLE, 12

ALLOW CORRUPTION clause

of ALTER DATABASE ... RECOVER, 10.2

ALTER ANY CLUSTER system privilege, 18

ALTER ANY CUBE DIMENSION system privilege, 18

ALTER ANY CUBE system privilege, 18

ALTER ANY DIMENSION system privilege, 18

ALTER ANY INDEX system privilege, 18

ALTER ANY INDEXTYPE system privilege, 18

ALTER ANY LIBRARY system privilege, 18

ALTER ANY MATERIALIZED VIEW system privilege, 18

ALTER ANY MINING MODEL system privilege, 18

ALTER ANY OPERATOR system privilege, 18

ALTER ANY OUTLINE system privilege, 18

ALTER ANY PROCEDURE system privilege, 18

ALTER ANY ROLE system privilege, 18

ALTER ANY SEQUENCE system privilege, 18

ALTER ANY SQL PROFILE system privilege, 18

ALTER ANY TABLE system privilege, 18

ALTER ANY TRIGGER system privilege, 18

ALTER ANY TYPE system privilege, 18

ALTER CLUSTER statement, 10.2

ALTER DATABASE LINK system privilege, 18

ALTER DATABASE statement, 10.2

ALTER DATABASE system privilege, 18

ALTER DIMENSION statement, 10.2

ALTER DISKGROUP statement, 10.2

ALTER FLASHBACK ARCHIVE statement, 10.2

ALTER FUNCTION statement, 10.2

ALTER INDEX statement, 10.2

ALTER INDEXTYPE statement, 10.2

ALTER JAVA CLASS statement, 10.2

ALTER JAVA SOURCE statement, 10.2

ALTER LIBRARY statement, 11

ALTER MATERIALIZED VIEW LOG statement, 11

ALTER MATERIALIZED VIEW statement, 11

ALTER object privilege

on a mining model, 18

on a sequence, 18

on a table, 18

on an OLAP cube, 18

on an OLAP cube dimension, 18

ALTER OPERATOR statement, 11

ALTER OUTLINE statement, 11

ALTER PACKAGE statement, 11

ALTER PROCEDURE statement, 11

ALTER PROFILE statement, 11

ALTER PROFILE system privilege, 18

ALTER PUBLIC DATABASE LINK system privilege, 18

ALTER RESOURCE COST statement, 11

ALTER RESOURCE COST system privilege, 18

ALTER ROLE statement, 11

ALTER ROLLBACK SEGMENT statement, 11

ALTER ROLLBACK SEGMENT system privilege, 18

ALTER SEQUENCE statement, 11

ALTER SESSION statement, 11

ALTER SESSION system privilege, 18

ALTER SNAPSHOT LOG. See ALTER MATERIALIZED VIEW LOG

ALTER SNAPSHOT. See ALTER MATERIALIZED VIEW

ALTER SYSTEM statement, 11

ALTER SYSTEM system privilege, 18

ALTER TABLE statement, 12

ALTER TABLESPACE statement, 12

ALTER TABLESPACE system privilege, 18

ALTER TRIGGER statement, 13

ALTER TYPE statement, 13

ALTER USER statement, 13

ALTER USER system privilege, 18

ALTER VIEW statement, 13

alter_external_table clause

of ALTER TABLE, 12

AM and A.M. datetime format elements, 3.4.2.2

American National Standards Institute (ANSI), C

data types, 3.1.3

conversion to Oracle data types, 3.1.3

standards, 1.2, 1.2, C.1

supported data types, 3.1

analytic functions, 5.4

AVG, 5.6

CORR, 5.6

COUNT, 5.6

COVAR_POP, 5.6

COVAR_SAMP, 5.6

CUME_DIST, 5.6

DENSE_RANK, 5.6

FIRST, 5.6

FIRST_VALUE, 5.6

LAG, 5.6

LAST, 5.6

LAST_VALUE, 5.6

LEAD, 5.6

MAX, 5.6

MIN, 5.6

NTILE, 5.6

OVER clause, 5.4

PERCENT_CONT, 5.6

PERCENT_DISC, 5.6

PERCENT_RANK, 5.6

RANK, 5.6

RATIO_TO_REPORT, 5.6

ROW_NUMBER, 5.6

STDDEV, 5.6

STDDEV_POP, 5.6

STDDEV_SAMP, 5.6

SUM, 5.6

syntax, 5.4

VAR_POP, 5.6

VAR_SAMP, 5.6

VARIANCE, 5.6

ANALYZE ANY system privilege, 18

ANALYZE CLUSTER statement, 13

ANALYZE INDEX statement, 13

ANALYZE TABLE statement, 13

ANCILLARY TO clause

of CREATE OPERATOR, 15

AND condition, 7.4, 7.4

AND DATAFILES clause

of DROP TABLESPACE, 18, 18

ANSI. See American National Standards Institute (ANSI)

antijoins, 9.6.7

ANY operator, 7.2

APPEND hint, 3.6.4.2

APPEND_VALUES hint, 3.6.4.3

APPENDCHILDXML function, 5.6

application servers

allowing connection as user, 13

applications

allowing connection as user, 13

securing, 14

validating, 14

ARCHIVE LOG clause

of ALTER SYSTEM, 11

archive mode

specifying, 14

archived redo logs

location, 10.2

ARCHIVELOG clause

of ALTER DATABASE, 10.2, 10.2

of CREATE CONTROLFILE, 14

of CREATE DATABASE, 14

arguments

of operators, 4

arithmetic

operators, 4.2

with DATE values, 3.1.1.16

AS clause

of CREATE JAVA, 14

AS subquery clause

of CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW, 15

of CREATE TABLE, 16

of CREATE VIEW, 17

ASC clause

of CREATE INDEX, 14

ASCII character set, 3.2.3

ASCII function, 5.6

ASCIISTR function, 5.6

ASIN function, 5.6

ASM_DISKGROUPS initialization parameter

setting with ALTER SYSTEM, 10.2, 14

ASM_DISKSTRING initialization parameter

setting with ALTER SYSTEM, 14

ASSOCIATE STATISTICS statement, 13

asterisk

all-column wildcard in queries, 19

asynchronous commit, 13

ATAN function, 5.6

ATAN2 function, 5.6

ATTRIBUTE clause

of ALTER DIMENSION, 10.2

of CREATE DIMENSION, 14, 14

attributes

adding to a dimension, 10.2

dropping from a dimension, 10.2

maximum number of in object type, 16

of dimensions, defining, 14

of disk groups, 10.2, 14

AUDIT ANY system privilege, 18

AUDIT statement

locks, B.2.2

AUDIT SYSTEM system privilege, 18

auditing

options

for SQL statements, 13

policies

value-based, 13

SQL statements, 13

by a proxy, 13

by a user, 13

on a directory, 13

on a schema, 13

stopping, 18

system privileges, 13

AUTHENTICATED BY clause

of CREATE DATABASE LINK, 14

AUTHENTICATED clause

of ALTER USER, 13

AUTHENTICATION REQUIRED clause

of ALTER USER, 13

AUTHID CURRENT_USER clause

of ALTER JAVA, 10.2

of CREATE JAVA, 14, 14

AUTHID DEFINER clause

of ALTER JAVA, 10.2

of CREATE JAVA, 14, 14

AUTOALLOCATE clause

of CREATE TABLESPACE, 16

AUTOEXTEND clause

of ALTER DATABASE, 10.2

of CREATE DATABASE, 14

automatic segment-space management, 16

automatic undo mode, 11, 14

AVG function, 5.6

B

BACKUP ANY TABLE system privilege, 18

BACKUP CONTROLFILE clause

of ALTER DATABASE, 10.2, 10.2

backups, 10.2

basic table compression, 16

BC and B.C. datetime format elements, 3.4.2.2

BECOME USER system privilege, 18

BEGIN BACKUP clause

of ALTER DATABASE, 10.2

of ALTER TABLESPACE, 12

BETWEEN condition, 7.11

BFILE

data type, 3.1.1.20

locators, 3.1.1.20

BFILENAME function, 5.6

BIN_TO_NUM function, 5.6

binary large objects. See BLOB

binary operators, 4.1.1

binary XML format, 16

binary XML storage, 16

BINDING clause

of CREATE OPERATOR, 15

bindings

adding to an operator, 11

dropping from an operator, 11

bit vectors

converting to numbers, 5.6

BITAND function, 5.6

BITMAP clause

of CREATE INDEX, 14

bitmap indexes, 14

creating join indexes, 14

blank padding

specifying in format models, 3.4.3

suppressing, 3.4.3

BLOB data type, 3.1.1.21

transactional support, 3.1.1.21

BLOCKSIZE clause

of CREATE TABLESPACE, 16

bottom-N reporting, 5.6, 5.6, 5.6

buffer cache

flushing, 11

BUFFER_POOL parameter

of STORAGE clause, 8

BUILD DEFERRED clause

of CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW, 15

BUILD IMMEDIATE clause

of CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW, 15

BY ACCESS clause

of AUDIT, 13

BY proxy clause

of AUDIT, 13

BY SESSION clause

of AUDIT, 13

BY user clause

of AUDIT, 13

BYTE character semantics, 3.1.1.1, 3.1.1.3

BYTE length semantics, 12

C

CACHE clause

of ALTER MATERIALIZED VIEW, 11

of ALTER MATERIALIZED VIEW LOG, 11

of ALTER TABLE, 16

of CREATE CLUSTER, 14

of CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW, 15

of CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW LOG, 15

CACHE hint, 3.6.4.4

CACHE parameter

of ALTER SEQUENCE. See CREATE SEQUENCE, 11

of CREATE SEQUENCE, 15

CACHE READS clause

of ALTER TABLE, 12

of CREATE TABLE, 16

cached cursors

execution plan for, 18

call spec. See call specifications

call specifications

in procedures, 15

CALL statement, 13

calls

limiting CPU time for, 15

limiting data blocks read, 15

CARDINALITY function, 5.6

Cartesian products, 9.6.4

CASCADE clause

of CREATE TABLE, 16

of DROP PROFILE, 17

of DROP USER, 18

CASCADE CONSTRAINTS clause

of DROP CLUSTER, 17

of DROP TABLE, 18

of DROP TABLESPACE, 18

of DROP VIEW, 18

of REVOKE, 18, 18

CASE expressions, 6.4

searched, 6.4

simple, 6.4

CAST function, 5.6

MULTISET keyword, 5.6

CATSEARCH condition, 4.1, 7.1

CEIL function, 5.6

chained rows

listing, 13

of clusters, 13

CHANGE CATEGORY clause

of ALTER OUTLINE, 11

CHANGE NOTIFICATION system privilege, 18

CHANGE_DUPKEY_ERROR_INDEX hint, 3.6.4.5

CHAR character semantics, 3.1.1.1, 3.1.1.3

CHAR data type, 3.1.1.1

converting to VARCHAR2, 3.4.1

CHAR length semantics, 12

character functions, 5.2.2, 5.2.4

character large objects. See CLOB

character length semantics, 12

character literal. See text

character set

changing, 10.2

CHARACTER SET parameter

of CREATE CONTROLFILE, 14

of CREATE DATABASE, 14

character sets

common, 3.2.3

database, specifying, 14

multibyte characters, 3.8.1

specifying for database, 14

character strings

comparison rules, 3.2.3

exact matching, 3.4.3

fixed-length, 3.1.1.1

national character set, 3.1.1.2

variable-length, 3.1.1.4, 3.1.1.9

zero-length, 3.1.1.1

CHARTOROWID function, 5.6

CHECK clause

of constraints, 8

of CREATE TABLE, 16

check constraints, 8

CHECK DATAFILES clause

of ALTER SYSTEM, 11

CHECKPOINT clause

of ALTER SYSTEM, 11

checkpoints

forcing, 11

CHR function, 5.6

CHUNK clause

of ALTER TABLE, 12

of CREATE TABLE, 16

CLEAR LOGFILE clause

of ALTER DATABASE, 10.2, 10.2

CLOB data type, 3.1.1.22

transactional support, 3.1.1.22

clone databases

mounting, 10.2

CLOSE DATABASE LINK clause

of ALTER SESSION, 11

CLUSTER clause

of ANALYZE, 13

of CREATE INDEX, 14

of CREATE TABLE, 16

of TRUNCATE, 19

CLUSTER hint, 3.6.4.6

CLUSTER_ID function, 5.6

CLUSTER_PROBABILITY function, 5.6

CLUSTER_SET function, 5.6

clusters

assigning tables to, 16

caching retrieved blocks, 14

cluster indexes, 14

collecting statistics on, 13

creating, 14, 14

deallocating unused extents, 10.2

degree of parallelism

changing, 10.2, 10.2

when creating, 14

dropping tables, 17

extents, allocating, 10.2, 10.2

granting system privileges for, 18

hash, 14

single-table, 14

sorted, 14, 16

indexed, 14

key values

allocating space for, 14

modifying space for, 10.2

migrated and chained rows in, 13, 13

modifying, 10.2

physical attributes

changing, 10.2

specifying, 14

releasing unused space, 10.2

removing from the database, 17

SQL examples, 17

storage attributes

changing, 10.2

storage characteristics, changing, 10.2

tablespace in which created, 14

validating structure, 13

COALESCE clause

for partitions, 12

of ALTER INDEX, 10.2

of ALTER TABLE, 12, 12, 12

of ALTER TABLESPACE, 12

COALESCE function, 5.6

as a variety of CASE expression, 5.6

COALESCE SUBPARTITION clause

of ALTER TABLE, 12

COLLECT function, 5.6

collection functions, 5.2.9

collection types

multilevel, 16

collections

inserting rows into, 18

modifying, 12

modifying retrieval method, 12

nested tables, 3.1.4.4

testing for empty, 7.6.2

treating as a table, 18, 19, 19, 19

unnesting, 19

examples, 19

varrays, 3.1.4.3

collection-typed values

converting to data types, 5.6

column expressions, 6.5

column REF constraints, 8

of CREATE TABLE, 16

column values

unpivoting into rows, 19

COLUMN_VALUE pseudocolumn, 2.4

columns

adding, 12

aliases for, 9.2

altering storage, 12

associating statistics with, 13

basing an index on, 14

comments on, 13

creating comments about, 13

defining, 16

dropping from a table, 12

LOB

storage attributes, 12

maximum number of, 16

modifying existing, 12

parent-child relationships between, 14

properties, altering, 12, 12

qualifying names of, 9.2

REF

describing, 8

renaming, 12

restricting values for, 8

specifying as primary key, 8

specifying constraints on, 16

specifying default values, 16

storage properties, 16

substitutable, identifying type, 5.6

virtual

adding to a table, 12

modifying, 12

virtual, creating, 16

COLUMNS clause

of ASSOCIATE STATISTICS, 13, 13

COMMENT ANY MINING MODEL system privilege, 18

COMMENT ANY TABLE system privilege, 18

COMMENT clause

of COMMIT, 13

COMMENT statement, 13

comments, 3.6

adding to objects, 13

associating with a transaction, 13

dropping from objects, 13

in SQL statements, 3.6.1

on indextypes, 13

on operators, 13

on schema objects, 3.6.2

on table columns, 13

on tables, 13

removing from the data dictionary, 13

specifying, 3.6.1

viewing, 13

commit

asynchronous, 13

automatic, 13

COMMIT IN PROCEDURE clause

of ALTER SESSION, 11

COMMIT statement, 13

COMMIT TO SWITCHOVER clause

of ALTER DATABASE, 10.2

comparison conditions, 7.2

comparison semantics

of character strings, 3.2.3

COMPILE clause

of ALTER DIMENSION, 10.2

of ALTER JAVA SOURCE, 10.2

of ALTER MATERIALIZED VIEW, 11

of ALTER VIEW, 13

of CREATE JAVA, 14

COMPOSE function, 5.6

composite foreign keys, 8

composite partitioning

range-list, 12, 16

when creating a table, 16, 16

composite primary keys, 8

composite range partitions, 16

COMPOSITE_LIMIT parameter

of ALTER PROFILE, 11

of CREATE PROFILE, 15

compound conditions, 7.10

compound expressions, 6.3

COMPRESS clause

of ALTER INDEX ... REBUILD, 10.2

of CREATE TABLE, 16

compression

of index keys, 10.2

of tables, 16

of tablespaces, 16

CONCAT function, 5.6

concatenation operator, 4.3

conditions

BETWEEN, 7.11

comparison, 7.2

compound, 7.10

EXISTS, 7.9.1, 7.12

floating-point, 7.3

group comparison, 7.2.2

IN, 7.13

in SQL syntax, 7

interval, 7.11

IS [NOT] EMPTY, 7.6.2

IS ANY, 7.5.1

IS OF type, 7.14

IS PRESENT, 7.5.2

LIKE, 7.7.1

logical, 7.4

MEMBER, 7.6.3

membership, 7.6.3, 7.13

model, 7.5

multiset, 7.6

null, 7.8

pattern matching, 7.7

range, 7.11

REGEXP_LIKE, 7.7.2

SET, 7.6.1

simple comparison, 7.2.1

SUBMULTISET, 7.6.4

UNDER_PATH, 7.9.2

XML, 7.9

CONNECT BY clause

of queries and subqueries, 19

of SELECT, 9.3, 19

CONNECT clause

of SELECT and subqueries, 19

CONNECT THROUGH clause

of ALTER USER, 13

CONNECT TO clause

of CREATE DATABASE LINK, 14

CONNECT_BY_ISCYCLE pseudocolumns, 2.1.1

CONNECT_BY_ISLEAF pseudocolumns, 2.1.2

CONNECT_BY_ROOT operator, 4.4.2

CONNECT_TIME parameter

of ALTER PROFILE, 11

of ALTER RESOURCE COST, 11

connection qualifier, 3.9.3.1.1

CONSIDER FRESH clause

of ALTER MATERIALIZED VIEW, 11

constant values. See literals

CONSTRAINT(S) session parameter, 11

constraints

adding to a table, 12

altering, 12

check, 8

checking

at end of transaction, 8

at start of transaction, 8

at the end of each DML statement, 8

column REF, 8

deferrable, 8, 19

enforcing, 11

defining, 8, 16

for a table, 16

on a column, 16

disabling, 16

cascading, 16

disabling after table creation, 12

disabling during table creation, 16

dropping, 12, 12, 18

enabling, 16, 16

enabling after table creation, 12

enabling during table creation, 16

foreign key, 8

modifying existing, 12

on views

dropping, 13, 18

partitioning referential, 12, 16

primary key, 8

attributes of index, 8

enabling, 16

referential integrity, 8

renaming, 12

restrictions, 8

setting state for a transaction, 19

storing rows in violation, 12

table REF, 8

unique

attributes of index, 8

enabling, 16

CONTAINS condition, 4.1, 7.1

context namespaces

accessible to instance, 14

associating with package, 14

initializing using OCI, 14

initializing using the LDAP directory, 14

removing from the database, 17

contexts

creating namespaces for, 14

granting system privileges for, 18

control file clauses

of ALTER DATABASE, 10.2

control files

allowing reuse, 14, 14

backing up, 10.2

force logging mode, 14

re-creating, 14

standby, creating, 10.2

CONTROLFILE REUSE clause

of CREATE DATABASE, 14

conversion

functions, 5.2.7

rules, string to date, 3.4.4

CONVERT function, 5.6

CORR function, 5.6

CORR_K function, 5.6

CORR_S function, 5.6

correlated subqueries, 9.7

correlation functions

Kendall's tau-b, 5.6

Pearson's, 5.6

Spearman's rho, 5.6

correlation names

for base tables of indexes, 14

in DELETE, 17

in SELECT, 19

COS function, 5.6

COSH function, 5.6

COUNT function, 5.6

COVAR_POP function, 5.6

COVAR_SAMP function, 5.6

CPU_PER_CALL parameter

of ALTER PROFILE, 11

of CREATE PROFILE, 15

CPU_PER_SESSION parameter

of ALTER PROFILE, 11

of ALTER RESOURCE COST, 11

of CREATE PROFILE, 15

CREATE ANY CLUSTER system privilege, 18

CREATE ANY CONTEXT system privilege, 18

CREATE ANY CUBE BUILD PROCESS system privilege, 18

CREATE ANY CUBE DIMENSION system privilege, 18

CREATE ANY CUBE system privilege, 18

CREATE ANY DIMENSION system privilege, 18

CREATE ANY DIRECTORY system privilege, 18

CREATE ANY INDEX system privilege, 18

CREATE ANY INDEXTYPE system privilege, 18

CREATE ANY JOB system privilege, 18

CREATE ANY LIBRARY system privilege, 18

CREATE ANY MATERIALIZED VIEW system privilege, 18

CREATE ANY MEASURE FOLDER system privilege, 18

CREATE ANY MINING MODEL system privilege, 18

CREATE ANY OPERATOR system privilege, 18

CREATE ANY OUTLINE system privilege, 18

CREATE ANY PROCEDURE system privilege, 18

CREATE ANY SEQUENCE system privilege, 18

CREATE ANY SQL PROFILE system privilege, 18

CREATE ANY SYNONYM system privilege, 18

CREATE ANY TABLE system privilege, 18

CREATE ANY TRIGGER system privilege, 18

CREATE ANY TYPE system privilege, 18

CREATE ANY VIEW system privilege, 18

CREATE CLUSTER statement, 14

CREATE CLUSTER system privilege, 18

CREATE CONTEXT statement, 14

CREATE CONTROLFILE statement, 14

CREATE CUBE BUILD PROCESS system privilege, 18

CREATE CUBE DIMENSION system privilege, 18

CREATE CUBE system privilege, 18

CREATE DATABASE LINK statement, 14

CREATE DATABASE LINK system privilege, 18

CREATE DATABASE statement, 14

CREATE DATAFILE clause

of ALTER DATABASE, 10.2, 10.2

CREATE DIMENSION

system privilege, 18

CREATE DIMENSION statement, 14

CREATE DIRECTORY statement, 14

CREATE DISKGROUP statement, 14

CREATE EXTERNAL JOB system privilege, 18

CREATE FLASHBACK ARCHIVE statement, 14

CREATE FUNCTION statement, 14

CREATE INDEX statement, 14

CREATE INDEXTYPE statement, 14

CREATE INDEXTYPE system privilege, 18

CREATE JAVA statement, 14

CREATE JOB system privilege, 18

CREATE LIBRARY statement, 15

CREATE LIBRARY system privilege, 18

CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW LOG statement, 15

CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW statement, 15

CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW system privilege, 18

CREATE MEASURE FOLDER system privilege, 18

CREATE MINING MODEL system privilege, 18

CREATE OPERATOR statement, 15

CREATE OPERATOR system privilege, 18

CREATE OUTLINE statement, 15

CREATE PACKAGE statement, 15

locks, B.2.2

CREATE PFILE statement, 15, 15

CREATE PROCEDURE statement, 15

locks, B.2.2

CREATE PROCEDURE system privilege, 18

CREATE PROFILE statement, 15

CREATE PROFILE system privilege, 18

CREATE PUBLIC DATABASE LINK system privilege, 18

CREATE PUBLIC SYNONYM system privilege, 18

CREATE RESTORE POINT statement, 15

CREATE ROLE statement, 15

CREATE ROLE system privilege, 18

CREATE ROLLBACK SEGMENT statement, 15

CREATE ROLLBACK SEGMENT system privilege, 18

CREATE SCHEMA statement, 15

CREATE SEQUENCE statement, 15

CREATE SEQUENCE system privilege, 18

CREATE SESSION system privilege, 18

CREATE SPFILE statement, 15

CREATE STANDBY CONTROLFILE clause

of ALTER DATABASE, 10.2, 10.2

CREATE SYNONYM statement, 16

CREATE SYNONYM system privilege, 18

CREATE TABLE statement, 16

CREATE TABLE system privilege, 18

CREATE TABLESPACE statement, 16

CREATE TABLESPACE system privilege, 18

CREATE TRIGGER statement, 16

CREATE TRIGGER system privilege, 18

CREATE TYPE BODY statement, 17

CREATE TYPE statement, 17

CREATE TYPE system privilege, 18

CREATE USER statement, 17

CREATE USER system privilege, 18

CREATE VIEW statement, 17

CREATE VIEW system privilege, 18

cross joins, 19

CUBE clause

of SELECT statements, 19

CUBE_TABLE function, 5.6

cubes

extracting data, 5.6

CUME_DIST function, 5.6

cumulative distributions, 5.6

currency

group separators, 3.4.1.1

currency symbol

ISO, 3.4.1.1

local, 3.4.1.1

union, 3.4.1.1

CURRENT_DATE function, 5.6

CURRENT_SCHEMA session parameter, 11

CURRENT_TIMESTAMP function, 5.6

CURRENT_USER clause

of CREATE DATABASE LINK, 14

CURRVAL pseudocolumn, 2.2, 15

CURSOR expressions, 6.6

CURSOR_SHARING_EXACT hint, 3.6.4.7

cursors

cached, 18

CV function, 5.6

CYCLE parameter

of ALTER SEQUENCE. See CREATE SEQUENCE, 11

of CREATE SEQUENCE, 15

D

data

aggregation

composite columns of GROUP BY, 19

concatenated grouping sets of GROUP BY, 19

grouping sets, 19

analyzing a subset, 5.6

caching frequently used, 16

independence, 16

integrity checking on input, 3.1.1.6

locks on, B.1

pivoting, 19

retrieving, 9.1

specifying as temporary, 16

undo

preserving, 12, 16

unpivoting, 19

data conversion, 3.2.7

between character data types, 3.2.7.2

implicit

disadvantages, 3.2.7.1

implicit versus explicit, 3.2.7.1

when performed implicitly, 3.2.7.2, 3.2.7.3

when specified explicitly, 3.2.7.4

data definition language

locks, B.2

data definition language (DDL)

statements, 10.1.1

and implicit commit, 10.1.1

causing recompilation, 10.1.1

PL/SQL support, 10.1.1

statements requiring exclusive access, 10.1.1

data dictionary

adding comments to, 13

locks, B.2

data files

bringing online, 10.2

changing size of, 10.2

creating new, 10.2

defining for a tablespace, 16, 16, 16

defining for the database, 14

designing media recovery, 10.2

dropping, 12

enabling autoextend, 8

end online backup of, 10.2, 12

extending automatically, 8

putting online, 10.2

recover damaged, 10.2

recovering, 10.2

re-creating lost or damaged, 10.2

renaming, 10.2, 10.2

resizing, 10.2, 10.2

reusing, 8

size of, 8

specifying, 8, 8

for a tablespace, 16

specifying for database, 14

system generated, 10.2

taking offline, 10.2, 10.2

temporary

shrinking, 12

data manipulation language (DML)

allowing during indexing, 10.2

operations

during index creation, 14

during index rebuild, 12

parallelizing, 16

restricting operations, 11

retrieving rows affected by, 17, 18, 19

statements, 10.1.2

PL/SQL support, 10.1.2

data mining functions, 5.2.11

data types, 3.1

"Any" types, 3.1.6

ANSI-supported, 3.1

associating statistics with, 13, 13

BFILE, 3.1.1.20

BLOB, 3.1.1.21

CHAR, 3.1.1.1

character, 3.1.1

CLOB, 3.1.1.22

comparison rules, 3.2

converting to collection-typed values, 5.6

converting to other data types, 5.6

DATE, 3.1.1.10

datetime, 3.1.1.9

interval, 3.1.1.9

INTERVAL DAY TO SECOND, 3.1.1.15

INTERVAL YEAR TO MONTH, 3.1.1.14

length semantics, 3.1.1.1, 3.1.1.3

LONG, 3.1.1.9

LONG RAW, 3.1.1.19

media types, 3.1.9

NCHAR, 3.1.1.2

NCLOB, 3.1.1.23

NUMBER, 3.1.1.6

NVARCHAR2, 3.1.1.3

Oracle-supplied types, 3.1.5

RAW, 3.1.1.19

ROWID, 3.1.2

SDO_TOPO_GEOMETRY, 3.1.8.2

spatial types, 3.1.8

TIMESTAMP, 3.1.1.11

TIMESTAMP WITH LOCAL TIME ZONE, 3.1.1.13

TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE, 3.1.1.12

UROWID, 3.1.2.2

user-defined, 3.1.4

VARCHAR, 3.1.1.5

VARCHAR2, 3.1.1.4

XML types, 3.1.7

database links, 9.10

altering, 10.2

closing, 11

creating, 3.9.3.1, 14

creating synonyms with, 16

current user, 14

granting system privileges for, 18

naming, 3.9.3.1.1

public, 14

dropping, 17

referring to, 3.9.3.2

removing from the database, 17

shared, 14

syntax, 3.9.3.1.1

updating passwords, 10.2

username and password, 3.9.3.1.2

database objects

dropping, 18

nonschema, 3.7.2, 3.7.2

schema, 3.7.1

Database Smart Flash Cache, 8

database triggers. See triggers

databases

accounts

creating, 17

allowing changes to, 11

allowing generation of redo logs, 10.2

allowing reuse of control files, 14

allowing unlimited resources to users, 15

archive mode, specifying, 14

beginning backup of, 10.2

blocks

specifying size, 16

cancel-based recovery, 10.2

terminating, 10.2

change-based recovery, 10.2

changing characteristics, 14

changing global name, 10.2

changing name, 14, 14

character set, specifying, 14

committing to standby status, 10.2

connect strings, 3.9.3.1.3

consistency-based recovery, 10.2

controlling use, 10.2

create script for, 10.2

creating, 14

data files

modifying, 10.2

specifying, 14

default edition, setting, 10.2

designing media recovery, 10.2

dropping, 17

ending backup of, 10.2

erasing all data from, 14

flashing back, 18

granting system privileges for, 18

in FLASHBACK mode, 10.2

in FORCE LOGGING mode, 10.2, 14, 14

instances of, 14

limiting resources for users, 15

log files

modifying, 10.2

specifying, 14

managed recovery, 10.2

modifying, 10.2

mounting, 10.2, 10.2, 14

moving a subset to a different database, 12

namespaces, 3.8.1

naming, 10.2

national character set, specifying, 14

no-data-loss mode, 10.2

online

adding log files, 10.2

opening, 10.2, 14

prepare to re-create, 10.2

preventing changes to, 10.2

protection mode of, 10.2

quiesced state, 11

read-only, 10.2

read/write, 10.2

reconstructing damaged, 10.2

recovering, 10.2, 10.2

recovery

allowing corrupt blocks, 10.2

testing, 10.2

with backup control file, 10.2

re-creating control file for, 14

remote

accessing, 9.10

authenticating users to, 14

connecting to, 14

inserting into, 18

service name of, 14

table locks on, 18

resetting

to an earlier version, 10.2

restoring earlier version of, 10.2, 12, 16

restricting users to read-only transactions, 10.2

resuming activity, 11

returning to a past time, 18

standby

adding log files, 10.2

suspending activity, 11

system user passwords, 14

temp files

modifying, 10.2

time zone

determining, 5.6

setting, valid values for, 10.2, 14

time-based recovery, 10.2

upgrading, 10.2

DATAFILE clause

of CREATE DATABASE, 14

DATAFILE clauses

of ALTER DATABASE, 10.2, 10.2

DATAFILE OFFLINE clause

of ALTER DATABASE, 10.2

DATAFILE ONLINE clause

of ALTER DATABASE, 10.2

DATAFILE RESIZE clause

of ALTER DATABASE, 10.2

datafiles

dropping, 18, 18

online backup of, 12

online, updating information on, 11

DATAOBJ_TO_PARTITION function, 5.6

DATE columns

converting to datetime columns, 12

DATE data type, 3.1.1.10

julian, 3.1.1.10.1

date format models, 3.4.2, 3.4.2.1.2

long, 3.4.2.1.2

punctuation in, 3.4.2.1.2

short, 3.4.2.1.2

text in, 3.4.2.1.2

date functions, 5.2.5

dates

arithmetic, 3.1.1.16

comparison rules, 3.2.2

datetime arithmetic, 3.1.1.16

boundary cases, 11

calculating daylight saving time, 3.1.1.17

datetime columns

creating from DATE columns, 12

datetime data types, 3.1.1.9

daylight saving time, 3.1.1.17

datetime expressions, 6.7

datetime field

extracting from a datetime or interval value, 5.6

datetime format elements, 3.4.2.1

and Globalization Support, 3.4.2.2

capitalization, 3.4.2.1.1

ISO standard, 3.4.2.3

RR, 3.4.2.4

suffixes, 3.4.2.5

datetime functions, 5.2.5

datetime literals, 3.3.3

DAY datetime format element, 3.4.2.2

daylight saving time, 3.1.1.17

boundary cases, 3.1.1.17

going into or coming out of effect, 3.1.1.17

DB2 data types, 3.1.3

restrictions on, 3.1.3

DBA_2PC_PENDING data dictionary view, 11

DBA_COL_COMMENTS data dictionary view, 13

DBA_INDEXTYPE_COMMENTS data dictionary view, 13

DBA_MVIEW_COMMENTS data dictionary view, 13

DBA_OPERATOR_COMMENTS data dictionary view, 13

DBA_ROLLBACK_SEGS data dictionary view, 17

DBA_TAB_COMMENTS data dictionary view, 13

DBMS_ROWID package

and extended rowids, 3.1.2.1

DBTIMEZONE function, 5.6

DDL. See data definition language (DDL)

DEALLOCATE UNUSED clause

of ALTER CLUSTER, 10.2, 10.2

of ALTER INDEX, 10.2

of ALTER TABLE, 12

DEBUG ANY PROCEDURE system privilege, 18

DEBUG object privilege

on a function, procedure, or package, 18

on a table, 18

on a view, 18

on an object type, 18

debugging

granting system privileges for, 18

decimal characters, 3.3.2.2

specifying, 3.4.1.1

DECODE function, 5.6

decoding functions, 5.2.13

DECOMPOSE function, 5.6

DEFAULT clause

of ALTER TABLE, 12

of CREATE TABLE, 16, 16

DEFAULT COST clause

of ASSOCIATE STATISTICS, 13, 13, 13

default index, suppressing, 15

DEFAULT profile

assigning to users, 17

DEFAULT ROLE clause

of ALTER USER, 13

DEFAULT SELECTIVITY clause

of ASSOCIATE STATISTICS, 13, 13, 13

DEFAULT storage clause

of ALTER TABLESPACE, 12

of CREATE TABLESPACE, 16

default tablespace, 14

DEFAULT TABLESPACE clause

of ALTER DATABASE, 10.2

of ALTER USER, 13

of ALTER USER. See CREATE USER

of CREATE USER, 17

default tablespaces

specifying for a user, 13

DEFAULT TEMPORARY TABLESPACE clause

of ALTER DATABASE, 10.2

of CREATE DATABASE, 14

DEFERRABLE clause

of constraints, 8

deferrable constraints, 19

DEFERRED clause

of SET CONSTRAINTS, 19

DELETE ANY CUBE DIMENSION system privilege, 18

DELETE ANY MEASURE FOLDER system privilege, 18

DELETE ANY TABLE system privilege, 18

DELETE object privilege

on a table, 18

on a view, 18

on an OLAP cube dimension, 18

on an OLAP measures folder, 18

DELETE statement, 17

error logging, 17

DELETE STATISTICS clause

of ANALYZE, 13

deletes during, 18

DELETEXML function, 5.6

DENSE_RANK function, 5.6

DEREF function, 5.6

DESC clause

of CREATE INDEX, 14

dictionaries

granting system privileges for, 18

dimensional objects

extracting data, 5.6

dimensions

attributes

adding, 10.2

changing, 10.2

defining, 14

dropping, 10.2

compiling invalidated, 10.2

creating, 14

defining levels, 14

examples, 14

extracting data, 5.6

granting system privileges for, 18

hierarchies

adding, 10.2

changing, 10.2

defining, 14

dropping, 10.2

levels

adding, 10.2

defining, 14

dropping, 10.2

parent-child hierarchy, 14

removing from the database, 17

directories. See directory objects

directory objects

as aliases for operating system directories, 14

auditing, 13, 13

creating, 14

granting system privileges for, 18

redefining, 14

removing from the database, 17

direct-path INSERT, 3.6.4.2, 3.6.4.3, 18

DISABLE ALL TRIGGERS clause

of ALTER TABLE, 12

DISABLE clause

of ALTER INDEX, 10.2

of CREATE TABLE, 16

DISABLE DISTRIBUTED RECOVERY clause

of ALTER SYSTEM, 11

DISABLE NOVALIDATE constraint state, 8

DISABLE PARALLEL DML clause

of ALTER SESSION, 11

DISABLE QUERY REWRITE clause

of ALTER MATERIALIZED VIEW, 11

of CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW, 15

DISABLE RESTRICTED SESSION clause

of ALTER SYSTEM, 11

DISABLE RESUMABLE clause

of ALTER SESSION, 11

DISABLE ROW MOVEMENT clause

of ALTER TABLE, 12

of CREATE TABLE, 16, 16

DISABLE STORAGE IN ROW clause

of ALTER TABLE, 12

of CREATE TABLE, 16

DISABLE TABLE LOCK clause

of ALTER TABLE, 12

DISABLE VALIDATE constraint state, 8

DISASSOCIATE STATISTICS statement, 17

DISCONNECT SESSION clause

of ALTER SYSTEM, 11

disk group files

changing permission settings, 10.2

Intelligent Data Placement, 10.2

setting owner or user group, 10.2

disk groups

altering, 10.2

creating, 14

creating a tablespace in, 16

creating failure groups, 10.2, 14

creating files in, 8

dropping, 17

managing Oracle ASM volumes, 10.2

rebalancing, 10.2

setting attributes, 10.2, 14

specifying files in, 8

specifying files in control files, 14

diskgroup

Oracle ASM, 15

disks

bringing online, 10.2

QUORUM, 14

regions, 10.2

REGULAR, 14

taking offline, 10.2

dispatcher processes

creating additional, 11

terminating, 11

DISTINCT clause

of SELECT, 19

distinct queries, 19

distributed queries, 9.10

restrictions on, 9.10

distribution

hints for, 3.6.4.61

DML. See data manipulation language (DML)

domain indexes, 14, 14, 14

and LONG columns, 12

associating statistics with, 13, 13

creating, prerequisites, 14

determining user-defined CPU and I/O costs, 18

example, F.1

invoking drop routines for, 18

local partitioned, 14

modifying, 10.2

parallelizing creation of, 14

rebuilding, 10.2

removing from the database, 17

system managed, 14

associating statistics, 13

domain_index_clause

of CREATE INDEX, 14

DOWNGRADE clause

of ALTER DATABASE, 10.2

DRIVING_SITE hint, 3.6.4.8

DROP ANY CLUSTER system privilege, 18

DROP ANY CONTEXT system privilege, 18

DROP ANY CUBE BUILD PROCESS system privilege, 18

DROP ANY CUBE DIMENSION system privilege, 18

DROP ANY CUBE system privilege, 18

DROP ANY DIMENSION system privilege, 18

DROP ANY DIRECTORY system privilege, 18

DROP ANY INDEX system privilege, 18

DROP ANY INDEXTYPE system privilege, 18

DROP ANY LIBRARY system privilege, 18

DROP ANY MATERIALIZED VIEW system privilege, 18

DROP ANY MEASURE FOLDER system privilege, 18

DROP ANY MINING MODEL system privilege, 18

DROP ANY OPERATOR system privilege, 18

DROP ANY OUTLINE system privilege, 18

DROP ANY PROCEDURE system privilege, 18

DROP ANY ROLE system privilege, 18

DROP ANY SEQUENCE system privilege, 18

DROP ANY SQL PROFILE system privilege, 18

DROP ANY SYNONYM system privilege, 18

DROP ANY TABLE system privilege, 18

DROP ANY TRIGGER system privilege, 18

DROP ANY TYPE system privilege, 18

DROP ANY VIEW system privilege, 18

DROP clause

of ALTER DIMENSION, 10.2

of ALTER INDEXTYPE, 10.2

DROP CLUSTER statement, 17

DROP COLUMN clause

of ALTER TABLE, 12

DROP CONSTRAINT clause

of ALTER TABLE, 12

DROP constraint clause

of ALTER VIEW, 13

DROP CONTEXT statement, 17

DROP DATABASE LINK statement, 17

DROP DATABASE statement, 17

DROP DIMENSION statement, 17

DROP DIRECTORY statement, 17

DROP DISKGROUP statement, 17

DROP FLASHBACK ARCHIVE statement, 17

DROP FUNCTION statement, 17

DROP INDEX statement, 17

DROP INDEXTYPE statement, 17

DROP JAVA statement, 17

DROP LIBRARY statement, 17

DROP LOGFILE clause

of ALTER DATABASE, 10.2, 10.2

DROP LOGFILE MEMBER clause

of ALTER DATABASE, 10.2, 10.2

DROP MATERIALIZED VIEW LOG statement, 17

DROP MATERIALIZED VIEW statement, 17

DROP OPERATOR statement, 17

DROP OUTLINE statement, 17

DROP PACKAGE BODY statement, 17

DROP PACKAGE statement, 17

DROP PARTITION clause

of ALTER INDEX, 10.2

of ALTER TABLE, 12

DROP PRIMARY constraint clause

of ALTER TABLE, 12

DROP PROCEDURE statement, 17

DROP PROFILE statement, 17

DROP PROFILE system privilege, 18

DROP PUBLIC DATABASE LINK system privilege, 18

DROP PUBLIC SYNONYM system privilege, 18

DROP RESTORE POINT statement, 17

DROP ROLE statement, 17

DROP ROLLBACK SEGMENT statement, 17

DROP ROLLBACK SEGMENT system privilege, 18

DROP SEQUENCE statement, 18

DROP SUPPLEMENTAL LOG DATA clause

of ALTER DATABASE, 10.2

DROP SUPPLEMENTAL LOG GROUP clause

of ALTER TABLE, 12

DROP SYNONYM statement, 18

DROP TABLE statement, 18

DROP TABLESPACE statement, 18

DROP TABLESPACE system privilege, 18

DROP TRIGGER statement, 18

DROP TYPE statement, 18

DROP UNIQUE constraint clause

of ALTER TABLE, 12

DROP USER statement, 18

DROP USER system privilege, 18

DROP VALUES clause

of ALTER TABLE ... MODIFY PARTITION, 12, 12

DROP VIEW statement, 18

DUAL dummy table, 3.8.1, 9.9

DUMP function, 5.6

DY datetime format element, 3.4.2.2

DYNAMIC_SAMPLING hint, 3.6.4.9

E

EBCDIC character set, 3.2.3

editioning views, 17

editions

comments on, 13

creating, 14

dropping, 17

granting system privileges for, 18

setting default for database, 10.2

setting for a session, 11

embedded SQL, 10.1.6

precompiler support, 10.1.6

EMPTY_BLOB function, 5.6

EMPTY_CLOB function, 5.6

ENABLE ALL TRIGGERS clause

of ALTER TABLE, 12

ENABLE clause

of ALTER INDEX, 10.2

of ALTER TRIGGER, 13

of CREATE TABLE, 16

ENABLE DISTRIBUTED RECOVERY clause

of ALTER SYSTEM, 11

ENABLE NOVALIDATE constraint state, 8

ENABLE PARALLEL DML clause

of ALTER SESSION, 11

ENABLE QUERY REWRITE clause

of ALTER MATERIALIZED VIEW, 11

of CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW, 15

ENABLE RESTRICTED SESSION clause

of ALTER SYSTEM, 11

ENABLE RESUMABLE clause

of ALTER SESSION, 11

ENABLE ROW MOVEMENT clause

of ALTER TABLE, 12

of CREATE TABLE, 16, 16

ENABLE STORAGE IN ROW clause

of ALTER TABLE, 12

of CREATE TABLE, 16

ENABLE TABLE LOCK clause

of ALTER TABLE, 12

ENABLE VALIDATE constraint state, 8

encoding functions, 5.2.13

encryption, 16

of tablespaces, 8, 16

encryption keys

generating, 11

END BACKUP clause

of ALTER DATABASE, 10.2

of ALTER DATABASE ... DATAFILE, 10.2

of ALTER TABLESPACE, 12

enterprise users

allowing connection as database users, 13

environment functions, 5.2.15

equality test, 7.2

equijoins, 9.6.2

defining for a dimension, 14

equivalency tests, 7.13

error logging

of DELETE operations, 17

of INSERT operations, 18

of MERGE operations, 18

ERROR_ON_OVERLAP_TIME session parameter, 11

EXCEPTIONS INTO clause

of ALTER TABLE, 12

EXCHANGE PARTITION clause

of ALTER TABLE, 12, 12

EXCHANGE SUBPARTITION clause

of ALTER TABLE, 12, 12

exchanging partitions

restrictions on, 12

EXCLUDING NEW VALUES clause

of ALTER MATERIALIZED VIEW LOG, 11

of CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW LOG, 15

EXCLUSIVE lock mode, 18

exclusive locks

row locks (TX), B.1

table locks (TM), B.1

EXECUTE ANY CLASS system privilege, 18

EXECUTE ANY INDEXTYPE system privilege, 18

EXECUTE ANY LIBRARY system privilege, 18

EXECUTE ANY OPERATOR system privilege, 18

EXECUTE ANY PROCEDURE system privilege, 18

EXECUTE ANY PROGRAM system privilege, 18

EXECUTE ANY TYPE system privilege, 18

EXECUTE object privilege

on a directory, 18

on a library, 18

on an object type, 18

on an operator, 18

execution plans

determining, 18

dropping outlines for, 17

saving, 15

EXEMPT ACCESS POLICY system privilege, 18

EXISTS condition, 7.9.1, 7.12

EXISTSNODE function, 5.6

EXP function, 5.6

EXPLAIN PLAN statement, 18

explicit data conversion, 3.2.7.1, 3.2.7.4

expressions

CASE, 6.4

changing declared type of, 5.6

column, 6.5

comparing, 5.6

compound, 6.3

computing with the DUAL table, 9.9

CURSOR, 6.6

datetime, 6.7

in SQL syntax, 6.1

interval, 6.9

lists of, 6.15

model, 6.10

object access, 6.11

placeholder, 6.12

scalar subqueries as, 6.13

simple, 6.2

type constructor, 6.14

extended rowids

base 64, 3.1.2.1

not directly available, 3.1.2.1

extensible indexing

example, F.1

EXTENT MANAGEMENT clause

of CREATE DATABASE, 14

of CREATE TABLESPACE, 16, 16

EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL clause

of CREATE DATABASE, 14

extents

allocating for partitions, 12

allocating for subpartitions, 12

allocating for tables, 12

restricting access by instances, 10.2

specifying maximum number for an object, 8

specifying number allocated upon object creation, 8

specifying the first for an object, 8

specifying the percentage of size increase, 8

specifying the second for an object, 8

external functions, 14, 15, 15

external LOBs, 3.1.1.19

external procedures, 15

external tables, 16

access drivers, 16

altering, 12

creating, 16

ORACLE_DATAPUMP access driver, 16

ORACLE_LOADER access driver, 16

restrictions on, 16

external users, 15, 17

EXTRACT (datetime) function, 5.6

EXTRACT (XML) function, 5.6

EXTRACTVALUE function, 5.6

F

FACT hint, 3.6.4.10

FAILED_LOGIN_ATTEMPTS parameter

of ALTER PROFILE, 11

of CREATE PROFILE, 15

failure groups

creating for a disk group, 10.2, 14

FEATURE_ID function, 5.6

FEATURE_SET function, 5.6

FEATURE_VALUE function, 5.6

files

specifying as a redo log file group, 8

specifying as data files, 8

specifying as temp files, 8

FIPS

compliance, C.11

flagging, 11

FIRST function, 5.6

FIRST_ROWS(n) hint, 3.6.4.11

FIRST_VALUE function, 5.6

FLAGGER session parameter, 11

flash cache, 8

FLASH_CACHE parameter

of STORAGE clause, 8

FLASHBACK ANY TABLE system privilege, 18, 18, 18

FLASHBACK ARCHIVE ADMINISTER system privilege, 18

FLASHBACK ARCHIVE object privilege, 18

flashback data archives

creating, 14

dropping, 17

modifying, 10.2

privileges for, 18

specifying for a table, 12, 16

FLASHBACK DATABASE statement, 18

flashback queries, 19

pseudocolumns for, 2.3

using with inserts, 18, 19

FLASHBACK TABLE statement, 18

floating-point conditions, 7.3

floating-point numbers, 3.1.1.8

converting to, 5.6, 5.6

handling NaN, 5.6

FLOOR function, 5.6

FLUSH BUFFER_CACHE clause

of ALTER SYSTEM, 11

FLUSH REDO clause

of ALTER SYSTEM, 11

FLUSH SHARED POOL clause

of ALTER SYSTEM, 11

FM format model modifier, 3.4.3

FOR clause

of CREATE INDEXTYPE, 14

of EXPLAIN PLAN, 18, 18

FOR UPDATE clause

of CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW, 15

of SELECT, 19, 19

FORCE ANY TRANSACTION system privilege, 18

FORCE clause

of COMMIT, 13

of CREATE VIEW, 17

of DISASSOCIATE STATISTICS, 17

of DROP INDEX, 17

of DROP INDEXTYPE, 17

of DROP OPERATOR, 17

of DROP TYPE, 18

of REVOKE, 18

of ROLLBACK, 18, 18

FORCE LOGGING clause

of ALTER DATABASE, 10.2

of ALTER TABLESPACE, 12

of CREATE CONTROLFILE, 14

of CREATE DATABASE, 14

of CREATE TABLESPACE, 16

FORCE PARALLEL DML clause

of ALTER SESSION, 11

FORCE TRANSACTION system privilege, 18

foreign key constraints, 8

foreign tables

rowids of, 3.1.2.2

format models, 3.4

changing the return format, 3.4.3.1

date, 3.4.2

changing, 3.4.2

default format, 3.4.2

format elements, 3.4.2.1

maximum length, 3.4.2

modifiers, 3.4.3

number, 3.4.1

number, elements of, 3.4.1.1

specifying, 3.4.3.1

XML, 3.4.5

formats

for dates and numbers. See format models

of return values from the database, 3.4

of values stored in the database, 3.4

free lists

specifying for a table, partition, cluster, or index, 8

specifying for LOBs, 16

FREELIST GROUPS parameter

of STORAGE clause, 8

FREELISTS parameter

of STORAGE clause, 8

FREEPOOLS parameter

of LOB storage, 16

FROM clause

of queries, 9.6.3

FROM COLUMNS clause

of DISASSOCIATE STATISTICS, 17

FROM FUNCTIONS clause

of DISASSOCIATE STATISTICS, 17

FROM INDEXES clause

of DISASSOCIATE STATISTICS, 17

FROM INDEXTYPES clause

of DISASSOCIATE STATISTICS, 17

FROM PACKAGES clause

of DISASSOCIATE STATISTICS, 17

FROM TYPES clause

of DISASSOCIATE STATISTICS, 17

FROM_TZ function, 5.6

FULL hint, 3.6.4.12

full outer joins, 19

function expressions

built-in, 6.8

user-defined, 6.8

function-based indexes, 14

creating, 14

disabling, 10.2, 10.2

enabling, 10.2, 10.2

refreshing, 10.2, 10.2

functions

3GL, calling, 15

G

general recovery clause

of ALTER DATABASE, 10.2, 10.2

geoimaging, 3.1.8

global indexes. See indexes, globally partitioned

GLOBAL PARTITION BY HASH clause

of CREATE INDEX, 14

GLOBAL PARTITION BY RANGE clause

of CREATE INDEX, 14, 14

GLOBAL QUERY REWRITE system privilege, 18

GLOBAL TEMPORARY clause

of CREATE TABLE, 16

global users, 15, 17

GLOBAL_TOPIC_ENABLED system parameter, 11

globally partitioned indexes, 14, 14

GRANT ANY OBJECT PRIVILEGE system privilege, 18

GRANT ANY PRIVILEGE system privilege, 18

GRANT ANY ROLE system privilege, 18

GRANT clause

of ALTER USER, 13

GRANT CONNECT THROUGH clause

of ALTER USER, 13, 13, 13

GRANT statement

locks, B.2.2

GRAPHIC data type

DB2, 3.1.3

SQL/DS, 3.1.3

greater than or equal to tests, 7.2

greater than tests, 7.2

GREATEST function, 5.6

GROUP BY clause

CUBE extension, 19

identifying duplicate groupings, 5.6

of SELECT and subqueries, 19, 19

ROLLUP extension of, 19

group comparison conditions, 7.2.2

group separator

specifying, 3.4.1.1

GROUP_ID function, 5.6

GROUPING function, 5.6

grouping sets, 19

GROUPING SETS clause

of SELECT and subqueries, 19

GROUPING_ID function, 5.6

groupings

filtering out duplicate, 5.6

GUARD ALL clause

of ALTER DATABASE, 10.2

GUARD clause

of ALTER DATABASE, 10.2

overriding, 11

GUARD NONE clause

of ALTER DATABASE, 10.2

GUARD STANDBY clause

of ALTER DATABASE, 10.2

H

hash clusters

creating, 14

single-table, creating, 14

specifying hash function for, 14

HASH hint, 3.6.4.13

HASH IS clause

of CREATE CLUSTER, 14

hash partitioning clause

of CREATE TABLE, 16, 16

hash partitions

adding, 12

coalescing, 12

HASHKEYS clause

of CREATE CLUSTER, 14

HAVING condition

of GROUP BY clause, 19

heap-organized tables

creating, 16

hexadecimal value

returning, 3.4.1.1

HEXTORAW function, 5.6

hierarchical function, 5.2.10

hierarchical queries, 2.1.3, 9.3, 19

child rows, 2.1.3, 9.3

CONNECT_BY_ISCYCLE pseudocolumn, 2.1.1

CONNECT_BY_ISLEAF pseudocolumn, 2.1.2

CONNECT_BY_ROOT operator, 4.4.2

illustrated, 2.1.3

leaf rows, 2.1.3

ordering, 19

parent rows, 2.1.3, 9.3

PRIOR operator, 4.4.1

pseudocolumns in, 2.1

retrieving root and node values, 5.6

hierarchical query clause

of SELECT and subqueries, 19

hierarchies

adding to a dimension, 10.2

dropping from a dimension, 10.2

of dimensions, defining, 14

HIERARCHY clause

of CREATE DIMENSION, 14, 14

high water mark

of clusters, 10.2

of indexes, 10.2

of tables, 12, 13

hints, 9.2

ALL_ROWS, 3.6.4.1

APPEND, 3.6.4.2

APPEND_VALUES, 3.6.4.3

CACHE, 3.6.4.4

CLUSTER, 3.6.4.6

CURSOR_SHARING_EXACT, 3.6.4.7

DRIVING_SITE, 3.6.4.8

DYNAMIC_SAMPLING, 3.6.4.9

FACT, 3.6.4.10

FIRST_ROWS(n), 3.6.4.11

FULL, 3.6.4.12

HASH, 3.6.4.13

in SQL statements, 3.6.3

INDEX, 3.6.4.15

INDEX_ASC, 3.6.4.16

INDEX_COMBINE, 3.6.4.17

INDEX_DESC, 3.6.4.18

INDEX_FFS, 3.6.4.19

INDEX_JOIN, 3.6.4.20

INDEX_SS, 3.6.4.21

INDEX_SS_ASC, 3.6.4.22

INDEX_SS_DESC, 3.6.4.23

LEADING, 3.6.4.24

location syntax, 3.6.3

MERGE, 3.6.4.25

MODEL_MIN_ANALYSIS, 3.6.4.26

MONITOR, 3.6.4.27

NO_EXPAND, 3.6.4.31

NO_FACT, 3.6.4.32

NO_INDEX, 3.6.4.33

NO_INDEX_FFS, 3.6.4.34

NO_INDEX_SS, 3.6.4.35

NO_MERGE, 3.6.4.36

NO_MONITOR, 3.6.4.37

NO_PARALLEL, 3.6.4.39

NO_PARALLEL_INDEX, 3.6.4.41

NO_PUSH_PRED, 3.6.4.43

NO_PUSH_SUBQ, 3.6.4.44

NO_PX_JOIN_FILTER, 3.6.4.45

NO_QUERY_TRANSFORMATION, 3.6.4.46

NO_RESULT_CACHE, 3.6.4.47

NO_REWRITE, 3.6.4.48

NO_STAR_TRANSFORMATION, 3.6.4.50

NO_UNNEST, 3.6.4.51

NO_USE_HASH, 3.6.4.52

NO_USE_MERGE, 3.6.4.53

NO_USE_NL, 3.6.4.54

NO_XML_QUERY_REWRITE, 3.6.4.55

NO_XMLINDEX_REWRITE, 3.6.4.56

NOAPPEND, 3.6.4.29

NOCACHE, 3.6.4.30

NOPARALLEL, 3.6.4.39

NOPARALLEL_INDEX, 3.6.4.41

NOREWRITE, 3.6.4.48

OPT_PARAM, 3.6.4.57

ORDERED, 3.6.4.58

PARALLEL, 3.6.4.59

PARALLEL_INDEX, 3.6.4.60

passing to the optimizer, 19

PQ_DISTRIBUTE, 3.6.4.61

PUSH_PRED, 3.6.4.62

PUSH_SUBQ, 3.6.4.63

PX_JOIN_FILTER, 3.6.4.64

QB_NAME, 3.6.4.65

REWRITE, 3.6.4.68

specifying a query block, 3.6.3

STAR_TRANSFORMATION, 3.6.4.69

syntax, 3.6.3

UNNEST, 3.6.4.70

USE_CONCAT, 3.6.4.71

USE_HASH, 3.6.4.72

USE_MERGE, 3.6.4.73

USE_NL, 3.6.4.74

USE_NL_WITH_INDEX, 3.6.4.75

histograms

creating equiwidth, 5.6

hybrid columnar compression, 16

I

IDENTIFIED BY clause

of ALTER ROLE. See CREATE ROLE

of CREATE DATABASE LINK, 14

of SET ROLE, 19

IDENTIFIED EXTERNALLY clause

of ALTER ROLE. See CREATE ROLE

of ALTER USER. See CREATE USER

of CREATE ROLE, 15

of CREATE USER, 17

IDENTIFIED GLOBALLY clause

of ALTER ROLE. See CREATE ROLE

of CREATE ROLE, 15

of CREATE USER, 17

identifier functions, 5.2.15

IDLE_TIME parameter

of ALTER PROFILE, 11

IEEE754

floating-point arithmetic, 3.1.1.8.2

Oracle conformance with, 3.1.1.8.2

IGNORE_ROW_ON_DUPKEY_INDEX hint, 3.6.4.14

IMMEDIATE clause

of SET CONSTRAINTS, 19

implicit data conversion, 3.2.7.1, 3.2.7.2, 3.2.7.3

IN conditions, 7.13

INCLUDING CONTENTS clause

of DROP TABLESPACE, 18

INCLUDING DATAFILES clause

of ALTER DATABASE TEMPFILE DROP clause, 10.2

INCLUDING NEW VALUES clause

of ALTER MATERIALIZED VIEW LOG, 11

of CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW LOG, 15

INCLUDING TABLES clause

of DROP CLUSTER, 17

incomplete object types, 17

creating, 17

INCREMENT BY clause

of ALTER SEQUENCE. See CREATE SEQUENCE

INCREMENT BY parameter

of CREATE SEQUENCE, 15

incremental

and block change tracking, 10.2

INDEX clause

of ANALYZE, 13

of CREATE CLUSTER, 14

INDEX hint, 3.6.4.15

index keys

compression, 10.2

INDEX object privilege

on a table, 18

index partitions

creating subpartitions, 14

index subpartitions, 14

INDEX_ASC hint, 3.6.4.16

INDEX_COMBINE hint, 3.6.4.17

INDEX_DESC hint, 3.6.4.18

INDEX_FFS hint, 3.6.4.19

INDEX_JOIN hint, 3.6.4.20

INDEX_SS hint, 3.6.4.21

INDEX_SS_ASC hint, 3.6.4.22

INDEX_SS_DESC hint, 3.6.4.23

indexed clusters

creating, 14

indexes, 10.2

allocating new extents for, 10.2

application-specific, 14

ascending, 14

based on indextypes, 14

bitmap, 14

bitmap join, 14

B-tree, 14

changing attributes, 10.2

changing parallelism of, 10.2

collecting statistics on, 13

creating, 14

creating as unusable, 14

creating on a cluster, 14

creating on a table, 14

deallocating unused space from, 10.2

descending, 14

and query rewrite, 14

as function-based indexes, 14

direct-path inserts, logging, 10.2

disassociating statistics types from, 17

domain, 14, 14, 14

domain, example, F.1

dropping index partitions, 17

examples, 14

full fast scans, 3.6.4.19

function-based, 14

creating, 14

global partitioned, creating, 14

globally partitioned, 14, 14

updating, 12

granting system privileges for, 18

invisible to the optimizer, 10.2, 14

join, bitmap, 14

key compression of, 10.2

key compression, enabling, 10.2

keys, eliminating repetition, 10.2

local domain, 14

locally partitioned, 14

logging rebuild operations, 10.2

marking as UNUSABLE, 10.2

merging block contents, 10.2

merging contents of index blocks, 10.2

merging contents of index partition blocks, 10.2

modifying attributes, 10.2

moving, 10.2

on clusters, 14

on composite-partitioned tables, creating, 14

on hash-partitioned tables

creating, 14

on index-organized tables, 14

on list-partitioned tables

creating, 14

on nested table storage tables, 14

on partitioned tables, 14

on range-partitioned tables, creating, 14

on scalar typed object attributes, 14

on table columns, 14

on XMLType tables, 14

online, 14

parallelizing creation of, 14

partitioned, 3.9.4, 14

user-defined, 14

partitioning, 14

partitions, 14

adding hash, 10.2

adding new, 10.2

changing default attributes, 10.2

changing physical attributes, 10.2

changing storage characteristics, 10.2

coalescing hash partitions, 10.2

deallocating unused space from, 10.2

dropping, 10.2

marking UNUSABLE, 10.2, 12

modifying the real characteristics, 10.2

preventing use of, 10.2

rebuilding, 10.2

rebuilding unusable, 12

re-creating, 10.2

removing, 10.2

renaming, 10.2

specifying tablespace, 10.2

specifying tablespace for, 10.2

splitting, 10.2, 10.2

preventing use of, 10.2

purging from the recycle bin, 18

rebuilding, 10.2

rebuilding while online, 10.2

re-creating, 10.2

removing from the database, 17

renaming, 10.2, 10.2

reverse, 10.2, 10.2, 10.2, 14

specifying tablespace for, 10.2, 10.2

statistics on usage, 10.2

subpartitions

allocating extents for, 10.2

changing default attributes, 10.2

changing physical attributes, 10.2

changing storage characteristics, 10.2

deallocating unused space from, 10.2, 10.2

marking UNUSABLE, 10.2

modifying, 10.2

moving, 10.2

preventing use of, 10.2

rebuilding, 10.2

re-creating, 10.2

renaming, 10.2

specifying tablespace, 10.2

specifying tablespace for, 10.2

tablespace containing, 14

unique, 14

unsorted, 14

used to enforce constraints, 12, 16

validating structure, 13

on range-partitioned tables, 14, 14, 14

index-organized tables

bitmap indexes on, creating, 16

creating, 16

mapping tables, 12

creating, 16

moving, 12

merging contents of index blocks, 12

modifying, 12, 12

moving, 12

overflow segments

specifying storage, 12, 16

partitioned, updating secondary indexes, 10.2

PCT_ACCESS_DIRECT statistics, 13

primary key indexes

coalescing, 12

rebuilding, 12

rowids of, 3.1.2.2

secondary indexes, updating, 10.2

INDEXTYPE clause

of CREATE INDEX, 14, 14

indextypes

adding operators, 10.2

altering, 10.2

associating statistics with, 13, 13

changing implementation type, 10.2

comments on, 13

creating, 14

disassociating from statistics types, 17

drop routines, invoking, 17

granting system privileges for, 18

indexes based on, 14

instances, 14

removing from the database, 17

in-doubt transactions

forcing, 13

forcing commit of, 13

forcing rollback, 18, 18

rolling back, 18

inequality test, 7.2

INITCAP function, 5.6

INITIAL parameter

of STORAGE clause, 8

initialization parameters

changing session settings, 11

INITIALIZED EXTERNALLY clause

of CREATE CONTEXT, 14

INITIALIZED GLOBALLY clause

of CREATE CONTEXT, 14

INITIALLY DEFERRED clause

of constraints, 8

INITIALLY IMMEDIATE clause

of constraints, 8

INITRANS parameter

of ALTER CLUSTER, 10.2

of ALTER INDEX, 10.2

of ALTER MATERIALIZED VIEW LOG, 11

of ALTER TABLE, 12

of CREATE INDEX. See CREATE TABLE

of CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW LOG. See CREATE TABLE

of CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW. See CREATE TABLE

of CREATE TABLE, 8

inline constraints

of ALTER TABLE, 12

of CREATE TABLE, 16

inline views, 9.7

inner joins, 9.6.5, 19

inner-N reporting, 5.6

INSERT

direct-path versus conventional, 18

INSERT ANY CUBE DIMENSION system privilege, 18

INSERT ANY MEASURE FOLDER system privilege, 18

INSERT ANY TABLE system privilege, 18

INSERT clause

of MERGE, 18

INSERT object privilege

on a table, 18

on a view, 18

on an OLAP cube dimension, 18

on an OLAP measures folder, 18

INSERT statement, 18

append, 3.6.4.2, 3.6.4.3

error logging, 18

INSERTCHILDXML function, 5.6

INSERTCHILDXMLAFTER function, 5.6

INSERTCHILDXMLBEFORE function, 5.6

inserts

and simultaneous update, 18

conditional, 18

conventional, 18

direct-path, 18

multitable, 18, 18

examples, 18

single-table, 18

using MERGE, 18

INSERTXMLAFTER function, 5.6

INSERTXMLBEFORE function, 5.6

instance recovery

continue after interruption, 10.2

INSTANCE session parameter, 11

instances

making index extents available to, 10.2

setting parameters for, 11

INSTR function, 5.6

INSTR2 function, 5.6

INSTR4 function, 5.6

INSTRB function, 5.6

INSTRC function, 5.6

integers

generating unique, 15

in SQL syntax, 3.3.2.1

precision of, 3.3.2.1

syntax of, 3.3.2.1

integrity constraints. See constraints

internal LOBs, 3.1.1.19

International Organization for Standardization (ISO), C

standards, 1.2, 1.2, C.1

INTERSECT set operator, 4.5, 19

interval

arithmetic, 3.1.1.16

data types, 3.1.1.9

literals, 3.3.4

interval conditions, 7.11

INTERVAL DAY TO SECOND data type, 3.1.1.15

INTERVAL expressions, 6.9

interval partitioning, 12, 16

changing the interval, 12

INTERVAL YEAR TO MONTH data type, 3.1.1.14

INTO clause

of EXPLAIN PLAN, 18

of INSERT, 18

INVALIDATE GLOBAL INDEXES clause

of ALTER TABLE, 12

inverse distribution functions, 5.6, 5.6

invoker rights

altering for a Java class, 10.2

defining for a Java class, 14, 14

IS [NOT] EMPTY conditions, 7.6.2

IS ANY condition, 7.5.1

IS NOT NULL operator, 7.8

IS NULL operator, 7.8

IS OF type condition, 7.14

IS PRESENT condition, 7.5.2

ISO. See International Organization for Standardization (ISO)

ISOLATION_LEVEL session parameter, 11

ITERATION_NUMBER function, 5.6

J

Java

class

creating, 14, 14

dropping, 17

resolving, 10.2, 14

Java source schema object

creating, 14

resource

creating, 14, 14

dropping, 17

schema object

name resolution of, 14

source

compiling, 10.2, 14

creating, 14

dropping, 17

job scheduler object privileges, 18

JOIN clause

of CREATE DIMENSION, 14

JOIN KEY clause

of ALTER DIMENSION, 10.2

of CREATE DIMENSION, 14

join views

example, 17

making updatable, 17

modifying, 17, 18, 19

joins, 9.6

antijoins, 9.6.7

conditions

defining, 9.6.1

cross, 19

equijoins, 9.6.2

full outer, 19

inner, 9.6.5, 19

left outer, 19

natural, 19

outer, 9.6.6

and data densification, 9.6.6

on grouped tables, 9.6.6

restrictions, 9.6.6

parallel, 3.6.4.61

right outer, 19

self, 9.6.3

semijoins, 9.6.8

without join conditions, 9.6.4

Julian dates, 3.1.1.10.1

K

KEEP keyword

of FIRST function, 5.6

of LAST function, 5.6

with aggregate functions, 5.3

key compression, 16

definition, 10.2

disabling, 10.2, 14

enabling, 10.2

of index rebuild, 12

of indexes

disabling, 10.2

of index-organized tables, 16

key-preserved tables, 17

keywords, 3.8.1

in object names, 3.8.1

optional, A.1.2

required, A.1.1

KILL SESSION clause

of ALTER SYSTEM, 11

L

LAG function, 5.6

large object functions, 5.2.8

large objects. See LOB data types

LAST function, 5.6

LAST_DAY function, 5.6

LAST_VALUE function, 5.6

LEAD function, 5.6

LEADING hint, 3.6.4.24

LEAST function, 5.6

left outer joins, 19

LENGTH function, 5.6

LENGTH2 function, 5.6

LENGTH4 function, 5.6

LENGTHB function, 5.6

LENGTHC function, 5.6

less than tests, 7.2

LEVEL clause

of ALTER DIMENSION, 10.2

of CREATE DIMENSION, 14, 14

level columns

specifying default values, 16

LEVEL pseudocolumn, 2.1.3, 19

and hierarchical queries, 2.1.3

levels

adding to a dimension, 10.2

dropping from a dimension, 10.2

of dimensions, defining, 14

libraries

creating, 15

granting system privileges for, 18

re-creating, 15

removing from the database, 17

library units. See Java schema objects

LIKE conditions, 7.7.1

linear regression functions, 5.6

LIST CHAINED ROWS clause

of ANALYZE, 13

list partitioning

adding default partition, 12

adding partitions, 12

adding values, 12, 12

creating a default partition, 16

creating partitions, 16

dropping values, 12, 12

merging default with nondefault partitions, 12

splitting default partition, 12

list subpartitions

adding, 12

LISTAGG function, 5.6

listeners

registering, 11

literals

datetime, 3.3.3

in SQL statements and functions, 3.3

in SQL syntax, 3.3

interval, 3.3.4

LN function, 5.6

LNNVL function, 5.6

LOB columns

adding, 12

compressing, 16

creating from LONG columns, 3.1.1.9, 12

deduplication, 16

defining properties

for materialized views, 15

encrypting, 16

modifying, 12

modifying storage, 12

restricted in joins, 9.6.1

restrictions on, 3.1.1.19

storage characteristics of materialized views, 11

LOB data types, 3.1.1.19

LOB storage clause

for partitions, 12

of ALTER MATERIALIZED VIEW, 11, 11

of ALTER TABLE, 12, 12

of CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW, 15, 15, 15, 15

of CREATE TABLE, 16, 16

LOBs

attributes, initializing, 3.1.1.19

columns

difference from LONG and LONG RAW, 3.1.1.19

populating, 3.1.1.19

external, 3.1.1.19

internal, 3.1.1.19

locators, 3.1.1.19

logging attribute, 16

modifying physical attributes, 12

number of bytes manipulated in, 16

saving old versions, 16, 16

saving values in a cache, 12, 16

specifying directories for, 14

storage

attributes, 16

characteristics, 8

in-line, 16

tablespace for

defining, 16

LOCAL clause

of CREATE INDEX, 14, 14

local users, 15, 17

locale independent, 3.4.2.1.2

locally managed tablespaces

altering, 12

storage attributes, 8

locally partitioned indexes, 14

LOCALTIMESTAMP function, 5.6

location transparency, 16

LOCK ANY TABLE system privilege, 18

LOCK TABLE statement, 18

locking, overriding automatic, 18

locks

data, B.1

dictionary, B.2

row (TX), B.1

table (TM), B.1

locks. See table locks

log data

collection during update operations, 10.2

log file clauses

of ALTER DATABASE, 10.2

log files

adding, 10.2

dropping, 10.2

modifying, 10.2

registering, 10.2

renaming, 10.2

specifying for the database, 14

LOG function, 5.6

log groups

adding, 12

dropping, 12

LOGFILE clause

OF CREATE DATABASE, 14

LOGFILE GROUP clause

of CREATE CONTROLFILE, 14

logging

and redo log size, 8

specifying minimal, 8

supplemental

dropping, 10.2

supplemental, adding log groups, 12

supplemental, dropping log groups, 12

LOGGING clause

of ALTER INDEX, 10.2

of ALTER MATERIALIZED VIEW, 11

of ALTER MATERIALIZED VIEW LOG, 11

of ALTER TABLE, 12

of ALTER TABLESPACE, 12

of CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW, 15

of CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW LOG, 15

of CREATE TABLE, 16

of CREATE TABLESPACE, 16

logical conditions, 7.4

logical standby database

aborting, 10.2, 10.2

activating, 10.2

stopping, 10.2, 10.2

LOGICAL_READS_PER_CALL parameter

of ALTER PROFILE, 11

LOGICAL_READS_PER_SESSION parameter

of ALTER PROFILE, 11

of ALTER RESOURCE COST, 11

LogMiner

supplemental logging, 12, 16

LONG columns

and domain indexes, 12

converting to LOB, 3.1.1.9, 12

restrictions on, 3.1.1.9

to store text strings, 3.1.1.9

to store view definitions, 3.1.1.9

where referenced from, 3.1.1.9

LONG data type, 3.1.1.9

in triggers, 3.1.1.9

LONG RAW data type, 3.1.1.19

converting from CHAR data, 3.1.1.19

LONG VARGRAPHIC data type

DB2, 3.1.3, 3.1.3

SQL/DS, 3.1.3

LOWER function, 5.6

LPAD function, 5.6

LTRIM function, 5.6

M

MAKE_REF function, 5.6

MANAGE SCHEDULER system privilege, 18

MANAGE TABLESPACE system privilege, 18

managed recovery

of database, 10.2

managed standby recovery

as background process, 10.2

create a logical standby from the physical standby, 10.2

overriding delays, 10.2

returning control during, 10.2, 10.2

terminating existing, 10.2, 10.2

MANAGED STANDBY RECOVERY clause

of ALTER DATABASE, 10.2, 10.2

MAPPING TABLE clause

of ALTER TABLE, 12, 12

mapping tables

of index-organized tables, 12, 16

modifying, 12

master databases, 15

master tables, 15

MATCHES condition, 4.1, 7.1

materialized join views, 15

materialized view logs, 15

creating, 15

excluding new values from, 11

logging changes to, 11

object ID based, 11

parallelizing creation, 15

partition attributes, changing, 11

partitioned, 15

physical attributes

changing, 11

specifying, 15

purging, 11, 15

removing from the database, 17

required for fast refresh, 15

rowid based, 11

saving new values in, 11

saving old values in, 15

storage attributes

specifying, 15

materialized views, 15

allowing update of, 15

changing from rowid-based to primary-key-based, 11

changing to primary-key-based, 11

complete refresh, 11, 15

compression of, 11, 15

constraints on, 8

creating, 15

creating comments about, 13

degree of parallelism, 11, 11

during creation, 15

enabling and disabling query rewrite, 15

examples, 15, 15

fast refresh, 11, 15, 15

forced refresh, 11

granting system privileges for, 18

index characteristics

changing, 11

indexes that maintain, 15

join, 15

LOB storage attributes, 11

logging changes to, 11

master table, dropping, 17

object type, creating, 15

partitions, 11

compression of, 11, 15

physical attributes, 15

changing, 11

primary key, 15

recording values in master table, 11

query rewrite

eligibility for, 8

enabling and disabling, 11

re-creating during refresh, 11

refresh, 10.2

after DML on master table, 11, 15

mode, changing, 11

on next COMMIT, 11, 15

using trusted constraints, 15

refresh, time, changing, 11

refreshing, 10.2

removing from the database, 17

restricting scope of, 15

retrieving data from, 19

revalidating, 11

rowid, 15

rowid values

recording in master table, 11

saving blocks in a cache, 11

storage attributes, 15

changing, 11

subquery, 15

suppressing creation of default index, 15

synonyms for, 16

when to populate, 15

for replication, 15, 15

MAX function, 5.6

MAXDATAFILES parameter

of CREATE CONTROLFILE, 14

of CREATE DATABASE, 14

MAXEXTENTS parameter

of STORAGE clause, 8

MAXINSTANCES parameter

of CREATE CONTROLFILE, 14

OF CREATE DATABASE, 14

MAXLOGFILES parameter

of CREATE CONTROLFILE, 14

of CREATE DATABASE, 14

MAXLOGHISTORY parameter

of CREATE CONTROLFILE, 14

of CREATE DATABASE, 14

MAXLOGMEMBERS parameter

of CREATE CONTROLFILE, 14

of CREATE DATABASE, 14

MAXSIZE clause

of ALTER DATABASE, 10.2

MAXTRANS parameter

of physical_attributes_clause, 8

MAXVALUE parameter

of ALTER SEQUENCE. See CREATE SEQUENCE

of CREATE SEQUENCE, 15

media recovery

avoid on startup, 10.2

designing, 10.2

disabling, 10.2

from specified redo logs, 10.2

of database, 10.2

of datafiles, 10.2

of standby database, 10.2

of tablespaces, 10.2

performing ongoing, 10.2

preparing for, 10.2, 10.2

restrictions, 10.2

sustained standby recovery, 10.2

MEDIAN function, 5.6

median values, 5.6

MEMBER conditions, 7.6.3

membership conditions, 7.6.3, 7.13

MERGE ANY VIEW system privilege, 18

MERGE hint, 3.6.4.25

MERGE object privilege on a view, 18

MERGE PARTITIONS clause

of ALTER TABLE, 12

MERGE statement, 18, 18

error logging, 18

inserts during, 18

updates during, 18

merge_insert_clause

of MERGE, 18

migrated rows

listing, 13

of clusters, 13

MIN function, 5.6

MINEXTENTS parameter

of STORAGE clause, 8

MINIMIZE RECORDS PER BLOCK clause

of ALTER TABLE, 12

MINIMUM EXTENT clause

of ALTER TABLESPACE, 12

of CREATE TABLESPACE, 16

mining models

auditing, 13

comments on, 13

MINUS set operator, 4.5, 19

MINVALUE parameter

of ALTER SEQUENCE. See CREATE SEQUENCE

of CREATE SEQUENCE, 15

MOD function, 5.6

MODE clause

of LOCK TABLE, 18

MODEL clause

of SELECT, 19, 19

model conditions, 7.5

IS ANY, 7.5.1

IS PRESENT, 7.5.2

model expression, 6.10

model functions, 5.6

CV, 5.6

ITERATION_NUMBER, 5.6

PRESENTNNV, 5.6

PRESENTV, 5.6

PREVIOUS, 5.6

MODEL_MIN_ANALYSIS hint, 3.6.4.26

MODIFY clause

of ALTER TABLE, 12

MODIFY CONSTRAINT clause

of ALTER TABLE, 12, 12

of ALTER VIEW, 13

MODIFY DEFAULT ATTRIBUTES clause

of ALTER INDEX, 10.2, 10.2

of ALTER TABLE, 12

MODIFY LOB storage clause

of ALTER MATERIALIZED VIEW, 11, 11

of ALTER TABLE, 12

MODIFY NESTED TABLE clause

of ALTER TABLE, 12, 12

MODIFY PARTITION clause

of ALTER INDEX, 10.2

of ALTER MATERIALIZED VIEW, 11

of ALTER TABLE, 12

MODIFY scoped_table_ref_constraint clause

of ALTER MATERIALIZED VIEW, 11

MODIFY SUBPARTITION clause

of ALTER INDEX, 10.2, 10.2

MODIFY VARRAY clause

of ALTER TABLE, 12, 12

MON datetime format element, 3.4.2.2

MONITOR hint, 3.6.4.27

MONITORING USAGE clause

of ALTER INDEX, 10.2

MONTH datetime format element, 3.4.2.2

MONTHS_BETWEEN function, 5.6

MOUNT clause

of ALTER DATABASE, 10.2

MOVE clause

of ALTER TABLE, 12, 12

MOVE ONLINE clause

of ALTER TABLE, 12

MOVE SUBPARTITION clause

of ALTER TABLE, 12

MTS. See shared server

multilevel collections, 16

multiset conditions, 7.6

MULTISET EXCEPT operator, 4.6.1

MULTISET INTERSECT operator, 4.6.2

MULTISET keyword

of CAST function, 5.6

multiset operators, 4.6

MULTISET EXCEPT, 4.6.1

MULTISET INTERSECT, 4.6.2

MULTISET UNION, 4.6.3

MULTISET UNION operator, 4.6.3

multitable inserts, 18

conditional, 18

examples, 18

unconditional, 18

multi-threaded server. See shared server

N

NAME clause

of SET TRANSACTION, 19

NAMED clause

of CREATE JAVA, 14

namespaces

and object naming rules, 3.8.1

database, 3.8.1

for nonschema objects, 3.8.1

for schema objects, 3.8.1

NANVL function, 5.6

national character set

changing, 10.2

fixed versus variable width, 3.1.1.3

multibyte character data, 3.1.1.23

multibyte character sets, 3.1.1.2, 3.1.1.3

variable-length strings, 3.1.1.3

NATIONAL CHARACTER SET parameter

of CREATE DATABASE, 14

natural joins, 19

NCHAR data type, 3.1.1.2

NCHR function, 5.6

NCLOB data type, 3.1.1.23

transactional support of, 3.1.1.23

nested subqueries, 9.7

NESTED TABLE clause

of ALTER TABLE, 12, 12

of CREATE TABLE, 16, 16

nested tables, 3.1.4.4, 5.6, 5.6, 7.6.1

changing returned value, 12

combining, 4.6

compared with varrays, 3.2.5

comparison rules, 3.2.5

creating, 17

creating from existing columns, 5.6

defining as index-organized tables, 12

determining hierarchy, 7.6.4

dropping the body of, 18

dropping the specification of, 18

in materialized views, 15, 15

indexing columns of, 14

modifying, 12

modifying column properties, 12

multilevel, 16

partitioned nested table columns, 12

storage characteristics of, 12, 16

NEW_TIME function, 5.6

NEXT clause

of ALTER MATERIALIZED VIEW ... REFRESH, 11

NEXT parameter

of STORAGE clause, 8

NEXT_DAY function, 5.6

NEXTVAL pseudocolumn, 2.2, 15

NLS character functions, 5.2.3

NLS_CHARSET_DECL_LEN function, 5.6

NLS_CHARSET_ID function, 5.6

NLS_CHARSET_NAME function, 5.6

NLS_DATE_LANGUAGE initialization parameter, 3.4.2.2

NLS_INITCAP function, 5.6

NLS_LANGUAGE initialization parameter, 3.4.2.2, 9.5

NLS_LENGTH_SEMANTICS initialization parameter

overriding, 3.1.1.1

NLS_LOWER function, 5.6

NLS_SORT initialization parameter, 9.5

NLS_TERRITORY initialization parameter, 3.4.2.2

NLS_UPPER function, 5.6

NLSSORT function, 5.6

NO FORCE LOGGING clause

of ALTER DATABASE, 10.2

of ALTER TABLESPACE, 12

NO_EXPAND hint, 3.6.4.31

NO_FACT hint, 3.6.4.32

NO_INDEX hint, 3.6.4.33

NO_INDEX_FFS hint, 3.6.4.34

NO_INDEX_SS hint, 3.6.4.35

NO_MERGE hint, 3.6.4.36

NO_MONITOR hint, 3.6.4.37

NO_PARALLEL hint, 3.6.4.39

NO_PARALLEL_INDEX, 3.6.4.41

NO_PUSH_PRED hint, 3.6.4.43

NO_PUSH_SUBQ hint, 3.6.4.44

NO_PX_JOIN_FILTER hint, 3.6.4.45

NO_QUERY_TRANSFORMATION hint, 3.6.4.46

NO_RESULT_CACHE hint, 3.6.4.47

NO_REWRITE hint, 3.6.4.48

NO_STAR_TRANSFORMATION hint, 3.6.4.50

NO_UNNEST hint, 3.6.4.51

NO_USE_HASH hint, 3.6.4.52

NO_USE_MERGE hint, 3.6.4.53

NO_USE_NL hint, 3.6.4.54

NO_XML_QUERY_REWRITE hint, 3.6.4.55

NO_XMLINDEX_REWRITE hint, 3.6.4.56

NOAPPEND hint, 3.6.4.29

NOARCHIVELOG clause

of ALTER DATABASE, 10.2, 10.2

of CREATE CONTROLFILE, 14

OF CREATE DATABASE, 10.2, 14

NOAUDIT statement, 18

locks, B.2.2

NOCACHE clause

of ALTER CLUSTER, 10.2

of ALTER MATERIALIZED VIEW, 11

of ALTER MATERIALIZED VIEW LOG, 11, 11

of ALTER SEQUENCE. See CREATE SEQUENCE

of ALTER TABLE, 16

of CREATE CLUSTER, 14

of CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW, 15

of CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW LOG, 15

of CREATE SEQUENCE, 15

NOCACHE hint, 3.6.4.30

NOCOMPRESS clause

of ALTER INDEX ... REBUILD, 10.2

of CREATE INDEX, 14

of CREATE TABLE, 16

NOCYCLE parameter

of ALTER SEQUENCE. See CREATE SEQUENCE, 11

of CREATE SEQUENCE, 15

NOFORCE clause

of CREATE JAVA, 14

of CREATE VIEW, 17

NOLOGGING mode

and force logging mode, 8

for nonpartitioned objects, 8

for partitioned objects, 8

NOMAXVALUE parameter

of ALTER SEQUENCE. See CREATE SEQUENCE

of CREATE SEQUENCE, 15

NOMINIMIZE RECORDS PER BLOCK clause

of ALTER TABLE, 12

NOMINVALUE parameter

of ALTER SEQUENCE. See CREATE SEQUENCE, 11

of CREATE SEQUENCE, 15

NOMONITORING USAGE clause

of ALTER INDEX, 10.2

NONE clause

of SET ROLE, 19

nonempty subsets of, 5.6

nonequivalency tests, 7.13

nonschema objects

list of, 3.7.2

namespaces, 3.8.1

NOORDER parameter

of ALTER SEQUENCE. See CREATE SEQUENCE, 11

of CREATE SEQUENCE, 15

NOPARALLEL clause

of CREATE INDEX, 8, 16

NOPARALLEL hint, 3.6.4.39

NOPARALLEL_INDEX hint, 3.6.4.41

NORELY clause

of constraints, 8

NORESETLOGS clause

of CREATE CONTROLFILE, 14

NOREVERSE parameter

of ALTER INDEX ... REBUILD, 10.2, 10.2

NOREWRITE hint, 3.6.4.48

NOROWDEPENDENCIES clause

of CREATE CLUSTER, 14

of CREATE TABLE, 16

NOSORT clause

of ALTER INDEX, 14

NOT condition, 7.4, 7.4

NOT DEFERRABLE clause

of constraints, 8

NOT IDENTIFIED clause

of ALTER ROLE. See CREATE ROLE

of CREATE ROLE, 15

NOT IN subqueries

converting to NOT EXISTS subqueries, 5.6

NOT NULL clause

of CREATE TABLE, 16

NOWAIT clause

of LOCK TABLE, 18

NTH_VALUE function, 5.6

NTILE function, 5.6

null, 3.5

difference from zero, 3.5

in conditions, 3.5.3

table of, 3.5.3

in functions, 5.1

with comparison conditions, 3.5.2

null conditions, 7.8

NULLIF function, 5.6

as a form of CASE expression, 5.6

NULL-related functions, 5.2.14

NUMBER data type, 3.1.1.6

converting to VARCHAR2, 3.4.1

precision, 3.1.1.6

scale, 3.1.1.6

number format models, 3.4.1

number functions, 5.2.1

numbers

comparison rules, 3.2.1

floating-point, 3.1.1.6, 3.1.1.8

in SQL syntax, 3.3.2

precision of, 3.3.2.2

spelling out, 3.4.2.5

syntax of, 3.3.2.2

numeric precedence, 3.1.1.9

NUMTODSINTERVAL function, 5.6

NUMTOYMINTERVAL function, 5.6

NVARCHAR2 data type, 3.1.1.3

NVL function, 5.6

NVL2 function, 5.6

O

object access expressions, 6.11

OBJECT IDENTIFIER clause

of CREATE TABLE, 16

object identifiers

contained in REFs, 3.1.4.2

of object views, 17

primary key, 16

specifying, 16

specifying an index on, 16

system-generated, 16

object instances

types of, 7.14

object privileges

FLASHBACK ARCHIVE, 18

granting, 15

multiple, 15

on specific columns, 18

on a database object

revoking, 18

from a role, 18, 18

from a user, 18, 18

from PUBLIC, 18

object reference functions, 5.5

object tables

adding rows to, 18

as part of hierarchy, 16

creating, 16, 16

querying, 16

system-generated column name, 16, 16, 17, 17

updating to latest version, 12

upgrading, 12

object type columns

defining properties

for materialized views, 15, 15

in a type hierarchy, 16

membership in hierarchy, 12

modifying properties

for tables, 12, 12

substitutability, 12

object type materialized views

creating, 15

object types, 3.1.4.1

attributes, 3.9.5

in a type hierarchy, 16

membership in hierarchy, 12

substitutability, 12

bodies

creating, 17

re-creating, 17

comparison rules, 3.2.4

MAP function, 3.2.4

ORDER function, 3.2.4

components of, 3.1.4.1

creating, 17

defining member methods of, 17

disassociating statistics types from, 18

dropping the body of, 18

dropping the specification of, 18

granting system privileges for, 18

identifiers, 2.5

incomplete, 17

methods, 3.9.5

privileges on subtypes, 18

references to. See REFs

statistics types, 13

values of, 2.6

object views, 17

base tables

adding rows, 18

creating, 17

creating subviews, 17

defining, 17

querying, 17

OBJECT_ID pseudocolumn, 2.5, 16, 16, 17, 17

OBJECT_VALUE pseudocolumn, 2.6

objects. See object types or database objects

ODCIIndexInsert method

indextype support of, 10.2, 14

OF clause

of CREATE VIEW, 17

OFFLINE clause

of ALTER TABLESPACE, 12

of CREATE TABLESPACE, 16

OIDINDEX clause

of CREATE TABLE, 16

OIDs. See object identifiers

OLAP functions

CUBE_TABLE, 5.6

OLTP table compression, 16

ON clause

of CREATE OUTLINE, 15

ON COMMIT clause

of CREATE TABLE, 16

ON COMMIT REFRESH object privilege

on a materialized view, 18

ON COMMIT REFRESH system privilege, 18

ON DEFAULT clause

of AUDIT, 13

of NOAUDIT, 18

ON DELETE CASCADE clause

of constraints, 8

ON DELETE SET NULL clause

of constraints, 8

ON DIRECTORY clause

of AUDIT, 13, 13

of NOAUDIT, 18

ON MINING MODEL clause

of AUDIT, 13

ON object clause

of NOAUDIT, 18

of REVOKE, 18

ON PREBUILT TABLE clause

of CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW, 15

online backup

of tablespaces, ending, 12

ONLINE clause

of ALTER TABLESPACE, 12

of CREATE INDEX, 14

of CREATE TABLESPACE, 16

online indexes, 14

rebuilding, 12

ONLINE parameter

of ALTER INDEX ... REBUILD, 10.2

online redo logs

reinitializing, 10.2

OPEN clause

of ALTER DATABASE, 10.2

OPEN READ ONLY clause

of ALTER DATABASE, 10.2

OPEN READ WRITE clause

of ALTER DATABASE, 10.2

operands, 4

operating system files

dropping, 18, 18

removing, 10.2

operators, 4

adding to indextypes, 10.2

altering, 11

arithmetic, 4.2

binary, 4.1.1

comments on, 13

concatenation, 4.3

CONNECT_BY_ROOT, 4.4.2

dropping from indextypes, 10.2

granting system privileges for, 18

MULTISET EXCEPT, 4.6.1

MULTISET INTERSECT, 4.6.2

MULTISET UNION, 4.6.3

precedence, 4.1.2

PRIOR, 4.4.1

set, 4.5, 19

specifying implementation of, 15

unary, 4.1.1

user-defined, 4.7

binding to a function, 11, 15

creating, 15

dropping, 17

how bindings are implemented, 15

implementation type, 15

return type of binding, 15

user-defined, compiling, 11

OPT_PARAM hint, 3.6.4.57

OPTIMAL parameter

of STORAGE clause, 8

OR condition, 7.4, 7.4

OR REPLACE clause

of CREATE CONTEXT, 14

of CREATE DIRECTORY, 14

of CREATE FUNCTION, 14, 14

of CREATE LIBRARY, 15

of CREATE OUTLINE, 15

of CREATE PACKAGE, 15

of CREATE PACKAGE BODY, 15

of CREATE PROCEDURE, 15

of CREATE TRIGGER, 16

of CREATE TYPE, 17

of CREATE TYPE BODY, 17

of CREATE VIEW, 17

ORA_DST_AFFECTED function, 5.6

ORA_DST_CONVERT function, 5.6

ORA_DST_ERROR function, 5.6

ORA_HASH function, 5.6

ORA_ROWSCN pseudocolumns, 2.7

Oracle ASM volumes, 10.2

Oracle Automatic Storage Management

migrating nodes in a cluster, 11

Oracle Call Interface, 1.5

Oracle Expression Filter

conditions, 7.1

operators, 4.1

Oracle reserved words, E

Oracle Text

built-in conditions, 4.1, 7.1

CATSEARCH, 4.1, 7.1

CONTAINS, 4.1, 7.1

creating domain indexes, 14

MATCHES, 4.1, 7.1

Oracle Tools

support of SQL, 1.5

ORDAudio data type, 3.1.9.1

ORDDicom data type, 3.1.9.5

ORDDoc data type, 3.1.9.4

ORDER BY clause

of queries, 9.5

of SELECT, 9.5, 19, 19

with ROWNUM, 2.9

ORDER clause

of ALTER SEQUENCE. See CREATE SEQUENCE

ORDER parameter

of CREATE SEQUENCE, 15

ORDER SIBLINGS BY clause

of SELECT, 19

ORDERED hint, 3.6.4.58

ORDImage data type, 3.1.9.2

ORDImageSignature data type, 3.1.9.13

ordinal numbers

specifying, 3.4.2.5

spelling out, 3.4.2.5

ORDVideo data type, 3.1.9.3

ORGANIZATION EXTERNAL clause

of CREATE TABLE, 16, 16

ORGANIZATION HEAP clause

of CREATE TABLE, 16

ORGANIZATION INDEX clause

of CREATE TABLE, 16

outer joins, 9.6.6

restrictions, 9.6.6

outlines

assign to a different category, 11

assigning to a different category, 11, 11

copying, 15

creating, 15

creating on statements, 15

dropping from the database, 17

enabling and disabling dynamically, 15

for use by current session, 15

for use by PUBLIC, 15

granting system privileges for, 18

private, use by the optimizer, 11

rebuilding, 11, 11

recompiling, 11

renaming, 11, 11, 11

replacing, 15

storing groups of, 15

use by the optimizer, 11

use to generate execution plans, 11

used to generate execution plans, 15

out-of-line constraints

of CREATE TABLE, 16

OVER clause

of analytic functions, 5.4

OVERFLOW clause

of ALTER INDEX, 10.2

of ALTER TABLE, 12

of CREATE TABLE, 16

P

package bodies

creating, 15

re-creating, 15

removing from the database, 17

packaged procedures

dropping, 17

packages

associating statistics with, 13, 13

creating, 15

disassociating statistics types from, 17

redefining, 15

removing from the database, 17

synonyms for, 16

PARALLEL clause

of ALTER CLUSTER, 10.2, 10.2

of ALTER INDEX, 10.2

of ALTER MATERIALIZED VIEW, 11, 11

of ALTER MATERIALIZED VIEW LOG, 11, 11

of ALTER TABLE, 12

of CREATE CLUSTER, 14

of CREATE INDEX, 14

of CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW, 15, 15

of CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW LOG, 15, 15

of CREATE TABLE, 16, 16

parallel execution

hints, 3.6.4.59

of DDL statements, 11

of DML statements, 11

PARALLEL hint, 3.6.4.59

PARALLEL_INDEX hint, 3.6.4.60

parameter files

creating, 15, 15

from memory, 15

parameters

in syntax

optional, A.1.2

required, A.1.1

PARAMETERS clause

of CREATE INDEX, 14, 14

PARTITION ... LOB storage clause

of ALTER TABLE, 12

PARTITION BY HASH clause

of CREATE TABLE, 16

PARTITION BY LIST clause

of CREATE TABLE, 16

PARTITION BY RANGE clause

of CREATE TABLE, 16, 16

partition by reference, 16

PARTITION clause

of ANALYZE, 13

of CREATE INDEX, 14

of CREATE TABLE, 16

of DELETE, 17

of INSERT, 18

of LOCK TABLE, 18

of UPDATE, 19

partitioned indexes, 3.9.4, 14, 14, 14

local, creating, 14

user-defined, 14

partitioned index-organized tables

secondary indexes, updating, 10.2

partitioned tables, 3.9.4

partition-extended table names

in DML statements, 3.9.4

restrictions on, 3.9.4

syntax, 3.9.4

partitioning

by range, 16

clauses

of ALTER INDEX, 10.2

of ALTER TABLE, 12

interval, 16

of materialized view logs, 11, 15

of materialized views, 11, 15, 15

range with interval partitions, 16

system, 16

partitioning referential constraint, 12, 16

partitions

adding, 12

adding rows to, 18

allocating extents for, 12

based on literal values, 16

composite

specifying, 16

converting into nonpartitioned tables, 12

deallocating unused space from, 12

dropping, 12

exchanging with tables, 12

extents

allocating for an index, 10.2

hash

adding, 12

coalescing, 12

specifying, 16

index, 14

inserting rows into, 18

list, adding, 12

LOB storage characteristics of, 12

locking, 18

logging attribute, 16

logging insert operations, 12

merging, 12

modifying, 12, 12

physical attributes

changing, 12

range

adding, 12

specifying, 16

removing rows from, 12, 17

renaming, 12

revising values in, 19

splitting, 12

storage characteristics, 8

tablespace for

defining, 16

PASSWORD EXPIRE clause

of ALTER USER. See CREATE USER

of CREATE USER, 17

PASSWORD_GRACE_TIME parameter

of ALTER PROFILE, 11

of CREATE PROFILE, 15

PASSWORD_LIFE_TIME parameter

of ALTER PROFILE, 11

of CREATE PROFILE, 15

PASSWORD_LOCK_TIME parameter

of ALTER PROFILE, 11

of CREATE PROFILE, 15

PASSWORD_REUSE_MAX parameter

of ALTER PROFILE, 11

of CREATE PROFILE, 15

PASSWORD_REUSE_TIME parameter

of ALTER PROFILE, 11

of CREATE PROFILE, 15

PASSWORD_VERIFY_FUNCTION parameter

of ALTER PROFILE, 11

of CREATE PROFILE, 15

passwords

expiration of, 17

grace period, 15

guaranteeing complexity, 15

limiting use and reuse, 15

locking, 15

making unavailable, 15

parameters

of CREATE PROFILE, 15

special characters in, 17

PATH_VIEW, 7.9.1, 7.9.2

pattern-matching conditions, 7.7

PCT_ACCESS_DIRECT statistics

for index-organized tables, 13

PCTFREE parameter

of ALTER CLUSTER, 10.2

of ALTER INDEX, 10.2

of ALTER MATERIALIZED VIEW LOG, 11

of ALTER TABLE, 12

of CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW LOG. See CREATE TABLE.

of CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW. See CREATE TABLE.

of CREATE TABLE, 8

PCTINCREASE parameter

of STORAGE clause, 8

PCTTHRESHOLD parameter

of CREATE TABLE, 16

PCTUSED parameter

of ALTER CLUSTER, 10.2

of ALTER INDEX, 10.2

of ALTER MATERIALIZED VIEW LOG, 11

of ALTER TABLE, 12

of CREATE INDEX. See CREATE TABLE

of CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW LOG. See CREATE TABLE.

of CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW. See CREATE TABLE.

of CREATE TABLE, 8

PCTVERSION parameter

of LOB storage, 16

of LOB storage clause, 12

PERCENT_RANK function, 5.6

PERCENTILE_CONT function, 5.6

PERCENTILE_DISC function, 5.6

PERMANENT clause

of ALTER TABLESPACE, 12

physical attributes clause

of ALTER CLUSTER, 10.2

of ALTER INDEX, 10.2

of ALTER MATERIALIZED VIEW LOG, 11

of ALTER TABLE, 12

of CREATE CLUSTER, 14

of CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW, 15

of CREATE TABLE, 16, 16

physical standby database

activating, 10.2

converting to snapshot standby database, 10.2

pivot operations, 19

examples, 19

syntax, 19

placeholder expressions, 6.12

plan management

granting system privileges for, 18

plan stability, 15

PLAN_TABLE sample table, 18

P.M. datetime format element, 3.4.2.2, 3.4.2.2

POSIX regular expression standard, D

POWER function, 5.6

POWERMULTISET function, 5.6

POWERMULTISET_BY_CARDINALITY function, 5.6

PQ_DISTRIBUTE hint, 3.6.4.61

precedence

of conditions, 7.1.1

of numbers, 3.1.1.9

of operators, 4.1.2

precision

number of digits of, 3.3.2.2

of NUMBER data type, 3.1.1.6

precompilers, 1.5

predefined roles, 18

PREDICTION function, 5.6

PREDICTION_BOUNDS function, 5.6

PREDICTION_COST function, 5.6

PREDICTION_DETAILS function, 5.6

PREDICTION_PROBABILITY function, 5.6

PREDICTION_SET function, 5.6

PREPARE TO SWITCHOVER clause

of ALTER DATABASE, 10.2

PRESENTNNV function, 5.6

PRESENTV function, 5.6

pretty-printing of XML output, 5.6

PREVIOUS function, 5.6

primary database

converting to physical standby database, 10.2

PRIMARY KEY clause

of constraints, 8

of CREATE TABLE, 16

primary key constraints, 8

enabling, 16

index on, 16

primary keys

generating values for, 15

PRIOR clause

of hierarchical queries, 9.3

PRIOR operator, 4.4.1

PRIVATE clause

of CREATE OUTLINE, 15

private outlines

use by the optimizer, 11

PRIVATE_SGA parameter

of ALTER PROFILE, 11

of ALTER RESOURCE COST, 11

privileges

on subtypes of object types, 18

revoking from a grantee, 18

See also system privileges or object privileges

procedures

3GL, calling, 15

calling, 13

creating, 15

executing, 13

external, 15

granting system privileges for, 18

invalidating local objects dependent on, 17

issuing COMMIT or ROLLBACK statements, 11

naming rules, 3.8.1

recompiling, 11

re-creating, 15

removing from the database, 17

synonyms for, 16

PROFILE clause

of ALTER USER. See CREATE USER

of CREATE USER, 17

profiles

adding resource limits, 11

assigning to a user, 17

changing resource limits, 11

creating, 15

examples, 15

deassigning from users, 17

dropping resource limits, 11

granting system privileges for, 18

modifying, examples, 11

removing from the database, 17

proxy clause

of ALTER USER, 13, 13, 13

pseudocolumns, 2

COLUMN_VALUE, 2.4

CONNECT_BY_ISCYCLE, 2.1.1

CONNECT_BY_ISLEAF, 2.1.2

CURRVAL, 2.2

hierarchical queries, 2.1

LEVEL, 2.1.3

NEXTVAL, 2.2

OBJECT_ID, 2.5, 16, 16, 17, 17

OBJECT_VALUE, 2.6

ORA_ROWSCN, 2.7

ROWID, 2.8

ROWNUM, 2.9

uses for, 2.9

version queries, 2.3

XMLDATA, 2.10

PUBLIC clause

of CREATE OUTLINE, 15

of CREATE SYNONYM, 16

of DROP DATABASE LINK, 17

public database links

dropping, 17

public synonyms, 16

dropping, 18

PURGE statement, 18

PUSH_PRED hint, 3.6.4.62

PUSH_SUBQ hint, 3.6.4.63

PX_JOIN_FILTER hint, 3.6.4.64

Q

QB_NAME hint, 3.6.4.65

queries, 9.1, 19

comments in, 9.2

compound, 9.5

correlated

left correlation, 19

default locking of, B.1

defined, 9.1

distributed, 9.10

grouping returned rows on a value, 19

hierarchical. See hierarchical queries

hierarchical, ordering, 19

hints in, 9.2

join, 9.6, 19

locking rows during, 19

multiple versions of rows, 19

of past data, 19

ordering returned rows, 19

outer joins in, 19

referencing multiple tables, 9.6

select lists of, 9.2

selecting all columns, 19

selecting from a random sample of rows, 19

sorting results, 9.5

syntax, 9.1

top-level, 9.1

top-N, 2.9

query rewrite

and dimensions, 14

defined, 19

QUERY REWRITE object privilege

on a materialized view, 18

QUERY REWRITE system privilege, 18

QUIESCE RESTRICTED clause

of ALTER SYSTEM, 11

QUOTA clause

of ALTER USER. See CREATE USER

of CREATE USER, 17

R

range conditions, 7.11

range partitioning

converting to interval partitioning, 12

range partitions

adding, 12

creating, 16

values of, 16

RANK function, 5.6

RATIO_TO_REPORT function, 5.6

RAW data type, 3.1.1.19

converting from CHAR data, 3.1.1.19

RAWTOHEX function, 5.6

RAWTONHEX function, 5.6

READ object privilege

on a materialized directory, 18

READ ONLY clause

of ALTER TABLESPACE, 12

of ALTER VIEW, 13

READ WRITE clause

of ALTER TABLESPACE, 12

of ALTER VIEW, 13

REBUILD clause

of ALTER INDEX, 10.2

of ALTER OUTLINE, 11

REBUILD PARTITION clause

of ALTER INDEX, 10.2

REBUILD SUBPARTITION clause

of ALTER INDEX, 10.2

REBUILD UNUSABLE LOCAL INDEXES clause

of ALTER TABLE, 12

RECOVER AUTOMATIC clause

of ALTER DATABASE, 10.2

RECOVER CANCEL clause

of ALTER DATABASE, 10.2, 10.2

RECOVER clause

of ALTER DATABASE, 10.2

RECOVER CONTINUE clause

of ALTER DATABASE, 10.2, 10.2

RECOVER DATABASE clause

of ALTER DATABASE, 10.2, 10.2

RECOVER DATAFILE clause

of ALTER DATABASE, 10.2, 10.2

RECOVER LOGFILE clause

of ALTER DATABASE, 10.2, 10.2

RECOVER MANAGED STANDBY DATABASE clause

of ALTER DATABASE, 10.2

RECOVER TABLESPACE clause

of ALTER DATABASE, 10.2, 10.2

RECOVERABLE, 10.2, 16

S

SAMPLE clause

of SELECT, 19

of SELECT and subqueries, 19

SAVEPOINT statement, 19

savepoints

erasing, 13

rolling back to, 18, 18

specifying, 19

scalar subqueries, 6.13

scale

greater than precision, 3.1.1.6

of NUMBER data type, 3.1.1.6

SCHEMA clause

of CREATE JAVA, 14

schema objects, 3.7.1

defining default buffer pool for, 8

dropping, 18

in other schemas, 3.9.2

list of, 3.7.1

name resolution, 3.9.1

namespaces, 3.8.1

naming

examples, 3.8.2

guidelines, 3.8.3

rules, 3.8.1

object types, 3.1.4.1

on remote databases, 3.9.3

partitioned indexes, 3.9.4

partitioned tables, 3.9.4

parts of, 3.8

protecting location, 16

protecting owner, 16

providing alternate names for, 16

reauthorizing, 10.1.1

recompiling, 10.1.1

referring to, 3.9, 11

remote, accessing, 14

validating structure, 13

schemas

changing for a session, 11

creating, 15

definition of, 3.7.1

scientific notation, 3.4.1.1

SCOPE FOR clause

of ALTER MATERIALIZED VIEW, 11

of CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW, 15

SDO_GEOMETRY data type, 3.1.8

SDO_GEORASTER data type, 3.1.8

SDO_TOPO_GEOMETRY data type, 3.1.8.2

security

enforcing, 16

security clauses

of ALTER SYSTEM, 11

segment attributes clause

of CREATE TABLE, 16

SEGMENT MANAGEMENT clause

of CREATE TABLESPACE, 16

segments

space management

automatic, 16

manual, 16

using bitmaps, 16

using free lists, 16

table

compacting, 10.2, 11, 11, 12

SELECT ANY CUBE DIMENSION system privilege, 18

SELECT ANY CUBE system privilege, 18

SELECT ANY DICTIONARY system privilege, 18

SELECT ANY MINING MODEL system privilege, 18

SELECT ANY SEQUENCE system privilege, 18

SELECT ANY TABLE system privilege, 18

select lists, 9.2

ordering, 9.5

SELECT object privilege

granting on a view, 18

on a materialized view, 18

on a mining model, 18

on a sequence, 18

on a table, 18

on a view, 18

on an OLAP cube, 18

on an OLAP cube dimension, 18

SELECT statement, 9.1, 19

self joins, 9.6.3

semijoins, 9.6.8

sequences, 2.2, 15

accessing values of, 15

changing

the increment value, 11

creating, 15

creating without limit, 15

granting system privileges for, 18

guarantee consecutive values, 15

how to use, 2.2.2

increment value, setting, 15

incrementing, 15

initial value, setting, 15

maximum value

eliminating, 11

setting, 15

setting or changing, 11

minimum value

eliminating, 11

setting, 15

setting or changing, 11

number of cached values, changing, 11

ordering values, 11

preallocating values, 15

recycling values, 11

removing from the database, 18

renaming, 18

restarting, 18

at a different number, 11

at a predefined limit, 15

values, 15

reusing, 15

stopping at a predefined limit, 15

synonyms for, 16

where to use, 2.2.1

server parameter files

creating, 15

from memory, 15

server wallet

keys, 11

service name

of remote database, 14

session control statements, 10.1.4

PL/SQL support of, 10.1.4

session locks

releasing, 11

session parameters

changing settings, 11

INSTANCE, 11

SESSION_ROLES view, 19

sessions

calculating resource cost limits, 11

changing resource cost limits, 11

disconnecting, 11

granting system privileges for, 18

limiting CPU time, 11

limiting data block reads, 11

limiting inactive periods, 11

limiting private SGA space, 11

limiting resource costs, 11

limiting total elapsed time, 11

limiting total resources, 11

modifying characteristics of, 11

restricting, 11

restricting to privileged users, 11

switching to a different instance, 11

terminating, 11

terminating across instances, 11

time zone setting, 11

SESSIONS_PER_USER parameter

of ALTER PROFILE, 11

SESSIONTIMEZONE function, 5.6

SET clause

of ALTER SESSION, 11

of ALTER SYSTEM, 11

SET conditions, 7.6.1

SET CONSTRAINT(S) statement, 19

SET DANGLING TO NULL clause

of ANALYZE, 13

SET DATABASE clause

of CREATE CONTROLFILE, 14

SET ENCRYPTION KEY clause

of ALTER SYSTEM, 11

SET ENCRYPTION WALLET clause

of ALTER SYSTEM, 11

SET function, 5.6

set operators, 4.5, 19

INTERSECT, 4.5

MINUS, 4.5

UNION, 4.5

UNION ALL, 4.5

SET ROLE statement, 19

SET STANDBY DATABASE clause

of ALTER DATABASE, 10.2

SET STATEMENT_ID clause

of EXPLAIN PLAN, 18

SET TIME_ZONE clause

of ALTER DATABASE, 10.2, 10.2

of ALTER SESSION, 11

of CREATE DATABASE, 14

SET TRANSACTION statement, 19

SET UNUSED clause

of ALTER TABLE, 12

SGA. See system global area (SGA)

SHARE ROW EXCLUSIVE lock mode, 18

SHARE UPDATE lock mode, 18

SHARED clause

of CREATE DATABASE LINK, 14

shared pool

flushing, 11

shared server

processes

creating additional, 11

terminating, 11

system parameters, 11

short-circuit evaluation

DECODE function, 5.6

SHRINK SPACE clause

of ALTER INDEX, 10.2

of ALTER MATERIALIZED VIEW, 11

of ALTER MATERIALIZED VIEW LOG, 11

of ALTER TABLE, 12

SHUTDOWN clause

of ALTER SYSTEM, 11

SI_AverageColor data type, 3.1.9.8

SI_Color data type, 3.1.9.7

SI_ColorHistogram data type, 3.1.9.9

SI_FeatureList data type, 3.1.9.12

SI_PositionalColorHistogram data type, 3.1.9.10

SI_StillImage data type, 3.1.9.6

SI_Texture data type, 3.1.9.11

siblings

ordering in a hierarchical query, 19

SIGN function, 5.6

simple comparison conditions, 7.2.1

simple expressions, 6.2

SIN function, 5.6

SINGLE TABLE clause

of CREATE CLUSTER, 14

single-row functions, 5.2

single-table insert, 18

SINH function, 5.6

SIZE clause

of ALTER CLUSTER, 10.2

of CREATE CLUSTER, 14

of file specifications, 8

SOME operator, 7.2

SOUNDEX function, 5.6

SP datetime format element suffix, 3.4.2.5

special characters

in passwords, 15

spelled numbers

specifying, 3.4.2.5

spfile

Oracle ASM, 15

SPLIT PARTITION clause

of ALTER INDEX, 10.2

of ALTER TABLE, 12

SPTH datetime format element suffix, 3.4.2.5

SQL comments

XMLCOMMENT, 5.6

SQL Developer, 1.5

SQL functions

ABS, 5.6

ACOS, 5.6

ADD_MONTHS, 5.6

aggregate, 5.3

analytic, 5.4

APPENDCHILDXML, 5.6

applied to LOB columns, 5.1

ASCII, 5.6

ASCIISTR, 5.6

ASIN, 5.6

ATAN, 5.6

ATAN2, 5.6

AVG, 5.6

BFILENAME, 5.6

BIN_TO_NUM, 5.6

BITAND, 5.6

CARDINALITY, 5.6

CAST, 5.6

CEIL, 5.6

character

returning character values, 5.2.2

returning number values, 5.2.4

CHARTOROWID, 5.6

CHR, 5.6

CLUSTER_ID, 5.6

CLUSTER_PROBABILITY, 5.6

CLUSTER_SET, 5.6

COALESCE, 5.6

COLLECT, 5.6

collection, 5.2.9

COMPOSE, 5.6

CONCAT, 5.6

conversion, 5.2.7

CONVERT, 5.6

CORR, 5.6

CORR_K, 5.6

CORR_S, 5.6

COS, 5.6

COSH, 5.6

COUNT, 5.6

COVAR_POP, 5.6

COVAR_SAMP, 5.6

CUBE_TABLE, 5.6

CUME_DIST, 5.6

CURRRENT_DATE, 5.6

CURRRENT_TIMESTAMP, 5.6

CV, 5.6

data mining, 5.2.11

DATAOBJ_TO_PARTITION, 5.6

date, 5.2.5

DBTIMEZONE, 5.6

DECOMPOSE, 5.6

DELETEXML, 5.6

DENSE_RANK, 5.6

DEREF, 5.6

DUMP, 5.6

EMPTY_BLOB, 5.6

EMPTY_CLOB, 5.6

encoding and decoding, 5.2.13

environment and identifier, 5.2.15

EXISTSNODE, 5.6

EXP, 5.6

EXTRACT (datetime), 5.6

EXTRACT (XML), 5.6

EXTRACTXML, 5.6

FEATURE_ID, 5.6

FEATURE_SET, 5.6

FEATURE_VALUE, 5.6

FIRST, 5.6

FIRST_VALUE, 5.6

FLOOR, 5.6

FROM_TZ, 5.6

general comparison functions, 5.2.6

GREATEST, 5.6

GROUP_ID, 5.6

GROUPING, 5.6

GROUPING_ID, 5.6

HEXTORAW, 5.6

hierarchical, 5.2.10

INITCAP, 5.6

INSERTCHILDXML, 5.6

INSERTCHILDXMLAFTER, 5.6

INSERTCHILDXMLBEFORE, 5.6

INSERTXMLAFTER, 5.6

INSERTXMLBEFORE, 5.6

INSTR, 5.6

INSTR2, 5.6

INSTR4, 5.6

INSTRB, 5.6

INSTRC, 5.6

ITERATION_NUMBER, 5.6

LAG, 5.6

large object, 5.2.8

LAST, 5.6

LAST_DAY, 5.6

LAST_VALUE, 5.6

LEAD, 5.6

LEAST, 5.6

LENGTH, 5.6

LENGTH2, 5.6

LENGTH4, 5.6

LENGTHB, 5.6

LENGTHC, 5.6

linear regression, 5.6

LISTAGG, 5.6

LN, 5.6

LNNVL, 5.6

LOCALTIMESTAMP, 5.6

LOG, 5.6

LOWER, 5.6

LPAD, 5.6

LTRIM, 5.6

MAKE_REF, 5.6

MAX, 5.6

MEDIAN, 5.6

MIN, 5.6

MOD, 5.6

model, 5.6

MONTHS_BETWEEN, 5.6

NANVL, 5.6

NCHR, 5.6

NEW_TIME, 5.6

NEXT_DAY, 5.6

NLS character, 5.2.3

NLS_CHARSET_DECL_LEN, 5.6

NLS_CHARSET_ID, 5.6

NLS_CHARSET_NAME, 5.6

NLS_INITCAP, 5.6

NLS_LOWER, 5.6

NLS_UPPER, 5.6

NLSSORT, 5.6

NLV2, 5.6

NTH_VALUE, 5.6

NTILE, 5.6

NULLIF, 5.6

NULL-related, 5.2.14

number, 5.2.1

NUMTODSINTERVAL, 5.6

NUMTOYMINTERVAL, 5.6

NVL, 5.6

object reference, 5.5

ORA_DST_AFFECTED, 5.6

ORA_DST_CONVERT, 5.6

ORA_DST_ERROR, 5.6

ORA_HASH, 5.6

PERCENT_RANK, 5.6

PERCENTILE_CONT, 5.6

PERCENTILE_DISC, 5.6

POWER, 5.6

POWERMULTISET, 5.6

POWERMULTISET_BY_CARDINALITY, 5.6

PREDICTION, 5.6

PREDICTION_BOUNDS, 5.6

PREDICTION_COST, 5.6

PREDICTION_DETAILS, 5.6

PREDICTION_PROBABILITY, 5.6

PREDICTION_SET, 5.6

PRESENTNNV, 5.6

PRESENTV, 5.6

PREVIOUS, 5.6

RANK, 5.6

RATIO_TO_REPORT, 5.6

RAWTOHEX, 5.6

RAWTONHEX, 5.6

REF, 5.6

REFTOHEX, 5.6

REGEXP_COUNT, 5.6

REGEXP_INSTR, 5.6

REGEXP_REPLACE, 5.6

REGEXP_SUBSTR, 5.6

REGR_AVGX, 5.6

REGR_AVGY, 5.6

REGR_COUNT, 5.6

REGR_INTERCEPT, 5.6

REGR_R2, 5.6

REGR_SLOPE, 5.6

REGR_SXX, 5.6

REGR_SXY, 5.6

REGR_SYY, 5.6

REMAINDER, 5.6

REPLACE, 5.6

ROUND (date), 5.6

ROUND (number), 5.6

ROW_NUMBER, 5.6

ROWIDTOCHAR, 5.6

ROWIDTONCHAR, 5.6

RPAD, 5.6

RTRIM, 5.6

SESSIONTIMEZONE, 5.6

SET, 5.6

SIGN, 5.6

SIN, 5.6

single-row, 5.2

SINH, 5.6

SOUNDEX, 5.6

SQRT, 5.6

STATS_BINOMIAL_TEST, 5.6

STATS_CROSSTAB, 5.6

STATS_F_TEST, 5.6

STATS_KS_TEST, 5.6

STATS_MODE, 5.6

STATS_MW_TEST, 5.6

STATS_ONE_WAY_ANOVA, 5.6

STATS_T_TEST_INDEP, 5.6, 5.6

STATS_T_TEST_INDEPU, 5.6, 5.6

STATS_T_TEST_ONE, 5.6, 5.6

STATS_T_TEST_PAIRED, 5.6, 5.6

STATS_WSR_TEST, 5.6

STDDEV, 5.6

STDDEV_POP, 5.6

STDDEV_SAMP, 5.6

SUBSTR, 5.6

SUBSTR2, 5.6

SUBSTR4, 5.6

SUBSTRB, 5.6

SUBSTRC, 5.6

SUM, 5.6

SYS_CONNECT_BY_PATH, 5.6

SYS_CONTEXT, 5.6

SYS_DBURIGEN, 5.6

SYS_EXTRACT_UTC, 5.6

SYS_GUID, 5.6

SYS_TYPEID, 5.6

SYS_XMLAGG, 5.6

SYS_XMLGEN, 5.6

SYSDATE, 5.6

SYSTIMESTAMP, 5.6

TAN, 5.6

TANH, 5.6

TIMESTAMP_TO_SCN, 5.6

TO_BINARY_DOUBLE, 5.6

TO_BINARY_FLOAT, 5.6

TO_BLOB, 5.6

TO_CHAR (character), 5.6

TO_CHAR (datetime), 5.6

TO_CHAR (number), 5.6

TO_CLOB, 5.6

TO_DATE, 5.6

TO_DSINTERVAL, 5.6

TO_LOB, 5.6

TO_MULTI_BYTE, 5.6

TO_NCHAR (character), 5.6

TO_NCHAR (datetime), 5.6

TO_NCHAR (number), 5.6

TO_NCLOB, 5.6

TO_NUMBER, 5.6

TO_SINGLE_BYTE, 5.6

TO_TIMESTAMP, 5.6

TO_YMINTERVAL, 5.6

TRANSLATE, 5.6

TRANSLATE ... USING, 5.6

TREAT, 5.6

TRIM, 5.6

TRUNC (date), 5.6

TRUNC (number), 5.6

t-test, 5.6

TZ_OFFSET, 5.6

UID, 5.6

UNISTR, 5.6

UPDATEXML, 5.6

UPPER, 5.6

USER, 5.6

USERENV, 5.6

VALUE, 5.6

VAR_POP, 5.6

VAR_SAMP, 5.6

VARIANCE, 5.6

VSIZE, 5.6

WIDTH_BUCKET, 5.6

XML functions, 5.2.12

XMLAGG, 5.6

XMLCAST, 5.6

XMLCDATA, 5.6

XMLCONCAT, 5.6

XMLDiff, 5.6

XMLExists, 5.6

XMLISVALID, 5.6

XMLPARSE, 5.6

XMLPI, 5.6

XMLQUERY, 5.6

XMLROOT, 5.6

XMLSERIALIZE, 5.6

XMLTABLE, 5.6

SQL statements

ALTER FLASHBACK ARCHIVE, 10.2

auditing

by access, 13

by proxy, 13

by session, 13

by user, 13

stopping, 18

successful, 13

CREATE FLASHBACK ARCHIVE, 14

DDL, 10.1.1

determining the execution plan for, 18

DML, 10.1.2

DROP FLASHBACK ARCHIVE, 17

organization of, 10.2

rolling back, 18

session control, 10.1.4

space allocation, resumable, 11

storage in the result cache, 16

suspending and completing, 11

system control, 10.1.5

tracking the occurrence in a session, 13

transaction control, 10.1.3

type of, 10.1

undoing, 18

SQL*Loader inserts, logging, 10.2

SQL:99 standards, 1.2

SQL/DS data types, 3.1.3

restrictions on, 3.1.3

SQRT function, 5.6

standalone procedures

dropping, 17

standard SQL, C

Oracle extensions to, C.12

standby database

synchronizing with primary database, 11

standby databases

activating, 10.2

and Data Guard, 10.2

committing to primary status, 10.2

controlling use, 10.2

converting to physical standby, 10.2

designing media recovery, 10.2

mounting, 10.2

recovering, 10.2

STAR_TRANSFORMATION hint, 3.6.4.69

STAR_TRANSFORMATION_ENABLED initialization parameter, 3.6.4.69

START LOGICAL STANDBY APPLY clause

of ALTER DATABASE, 10.2

START WITH clause

of ALTER MATERIALIZED VIEW ... REFRESH, 11

of queries and subqueries, 19

of SELECT and subqueries, 19

START WITH parameter

of CREATE SEQUENCE, 15

startup_clauses

of ALTER DATABASE, 10.2

statistics

collection during index rebuild, 10.2

deleting from the data dictionary, 13

forcing disassociation, 17

on index usage, 10.2

on scalar object attributes

collecting, 13

on schema objects

collecting, 13

deleting, 13

user-defined

dropping, 17, 17, 17, 18, 18

statistics types

associating

with columns, 13

with data types, 13

with functions, 13

with packages, 13

associating with data types, 13

associating with domain indexes, 13, 13

associating with functions, 13

associating with indextypes, 13, 13

associating with packages, 13

disassociating

from columns, 17

from domain indexes, 17

from functions, 17

from indextypes, 17

from packages, 17

from types, 17

STATS_BINOMIAL_TEST function, 5.6

STATS_CROSSTAB function, 5.6

STATS_F_TEST function, 5.6

STATS_KS_TEST function, 5.6

STATS_MODE function, 5.6

STATS_MW_TEST function, 5.6

STATS_ONE_WAY_ANOVA function, 5.6

STATS_T_TEST_INDEP function, 5.6, 5.6

STATS_T_TEST_INDEPU function, 5.6, 5.6

STATS_T_TEST_ONE function, 5.6, 5.6

STATS_T_TEST_PAIRED function, 5.6, 5.6

STATS_WSR_TEST function, 5.6

STDDEV function, 5.6

STDDEV_POP function, 5.6

STDDEV_SAMP function, 5.6

STOP LOGICAL STANDBY clause

of ALTER DATABASE, 10.2, 10.2

STORAGE clause

of ALTER CLUSTER, 10.2

of ALTER INDEX, 10.2

of ALTER MATERIALIZED VIEW LOG, 11

of CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW LOG, 15

of CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW LOG. See CREATE TABLE

of CREATE TABLE, 8, 16

storage parameters

default, changing, 12

resetting, 19, 19

STORE IN clause

of ALTER TABLE, 12, 16

stored functions, 14

string literals. See text literals.

strings

converting to ASCII values, 5.6

converting to unicode, 5.6

strings. See text literals.

Structured Query Language (SQL)

description, 1.2.1

functions, 5.1

keywords, A.1.1

Oracle Tools support of, 1.5

parameters, A.1.1

standards, 1.2, C

statements

determining the cost of, 18

syntax, 10.2, A.1

structures

locking, B.2

subexpressions

of regular expressions, 5.6, 5.6

SUBMULTISET condition, 7.6.4

SUBPARTITION BY HASH clause

of CREATE TABLE, 16, 16

SUBPARTITION BY LIST clause

of CREATE TABLE, 16

SUBPARTITION clause

of ANALYZE, 13

of DELETE, 17

of INSERT, 18

of LOCK TABLE, 18

of UPDATE, 19

subpartition template

creating, 12

replacing, 12

subpartition-extended table names

in DML statements, 3.9.4

restrictions on, 3.9.4

syntax, 3.9.4

subpartitions

adding, 12, 12

adding rows to, 18

allocating extents for, 12

coalescing, 12, 12

converting into nonpartitioned tables, 12

creating, 16

creating a template for, 12, 16

deallocating unused space from, 12

exchanging with tables, 12

hash, 16

inserting rows into, 18

list, 16

list, adding, 12

locking, 18

logging insert operations, 12

moving to a different segment, 12

physical attributes

changing, 12

removing rows from, 12, 17

renaming, 12

revising values in, 19

specifying, 16

template, creating, 16

template, dropping, 12

template, replacing, 12

subqueries, 9.1, 9.7, 19, 19, 19

containing subqueries, 9.7

correlated, 9.7

defined, 9.1

extended subquery unnesting, 9.8

inline views, 9.7

nested, 9.7

of past data, 19

scalar, 6.13

to insert table data, 16

unnesting, 9.8

using in place of expressions, 6.13

SUBSTR function, 5.6

SUBSTR2 function, 5.6

SUBSTR4 function, 5.6

SUBSTRB function, 5.6

SUBSTRC function, 5.6

subtotal values

deriving, 19

subtypes

dropping safely, 18

SUM function, 5.6

supplemental logging

identification key (full), 10.2

minimal, 10.2

SUSPEND clause

of ALTER SYSTEM, 11

sustained standby recovery mode, 10.2

SWITCH LOGFILE clause

of ALTER SYSTEM, 11

SYNC WITH PRIMARY

clause of ALTER SESSION, 11

synonyms

changing the definition of, 18

creating, 16

granting system privileges for, 18

local, 16

private, dropping, 18

public, 16

dropping, 18

remote, 16

removing from the database, 18

renaming, 18, 18

synonyms for, 16

syntax diagrams, A.1

loops, A.1.3

multipart diagrams, A.1.4

SYS user

assigning password for, 14

SYS_CONNECT_BY_PATH function, 5.6

SYS_CONTEXT function, 5.6

SYS_DBURIGEN function, 5.6

SYS_EXTRACT_UTC function, 5.6

SYS_GUID function, 5.6

SYS_NC_ROWINFO$ column, 16, 17

SYS_TYPEID function, 5.6

SYS_XMLAGG function, 5.6

SYS_XMLGEN function, 5.6

SYSAUX clause

of CREATE DATABASE, 14

SYSAUX tablespace

creating, 14, 16

SYSDATE function, 5.6

SYSDBA system privilege, 18

SYSOPER system privilege, 18

system change numbers

obtaining, 2.7

system control statements, 10.1.5

PL/SQL support of, 10.1.5

system global area

flushing, 11, 11

updating, 11

system parameters

GLOBAL_TOPIC_ENABLED, 11

system partitioning, 16

system privileges

ADMINISTER ANY SQL TUNING SET, 18

ADMINISTER DATABASE TRIGGER, 18

ADMINISTER SQL MANAGEMENT OBJECT, 18, 18

ADMINISTER SQL TUNING SET, 18

ADVISOR, 18

ALTER ANY CLUSTER, 18

ALTER ANY CUBE, 18

ALTER ANY CUBE DIMENSION, 18

ALTER ANY DIMENSION, 18

ALTER ANY INDEX, 18

ALTER ANY INDEXTYPE, 18

ALTER ANY LIBRARY, 18

ALTER ANY MATERIALIZED VIEW, 18

ALTER ANY MINING MODEL, 18

ALTER ANY OPERATOR, 18

ALTER ANY OUTLINE, 18

ALTER ANY PROCEDURE, 18

ALTER ANY ROLE, 18

ALTER ANY SEQUENCE, 18

ALTER ANY SQL PROFILE, 18

ALTER ANY TABLE, 18

ALTER ANY TRIGGER, 18

ALTER ANY TYPE, 18

ALTER DATABASE, 18

ALTER DATABASE LINK, 18

ALTER PROFILE, 18

ALTER PUBLIC DATABASE LINK, 18

ALTER RESOURCE COST, 18

ALTER ROLLBACK SEGMENT, 18

ALTER SESSION, 18

ALTER SYSTEM, 18

ALTER TABLESPACE, 18

ALTER USER, 18

ANALYZE ANY, 18

AUDIT ANY, 18

AUDIT SYSTEM, 18

BACKUP ANY TABLE, 18

BECOME USER, 18

CHANGE NOTIFICATION, 18

COMMENT ANY MINING MODEL, 18

COMMENT ANY TABLE, 18

CREATE ANY CLUSTER, 18

CREATE ANY CONTEXT, 18

CREATE ANY CUBE, 18

CREATE ANY CUBE BUILD PROCESS, 18

CREATE ANY CUBE DIMENSION, 18

CREATE ANY DIMENSION, 18

CREATE ANY DIRECTORY, 18

CREATE ANY INDEX, 18

CREATE ANY INDEXTYPE, 18

CREATE ANY JOB, 18

CREATE ANY LIBRARY, 18

CREATE ANY MATERIALIZED VIEW, 18

CREATE ANY MEASURE FOLDER, 18

CREATE ANY MINING MODEL, 18

CREATE ANY OPERATOR, 18

CREATE ANY OUTLINE, 18

CREATE ANY PROCEDURE, 18

CREATE ANY SEQUENCE, 18

CREATE ANY SQL PROFILE, 18

CREATE ANY SYNONYM, 18

CREATE ANY TABLE, 18

CREATE ANY TRIGGER, 18

CREATE ANY TYPE, 18

CREATE ANY VIEW, 18

CREATE CLUSTER, 18

CREATE CUBE, 18

CREATE CUBE BUILD PROCESS, 18

CREATE CUBE DIMENSION, 18

CREATE DATABASE LINK, 18

CREATE DIMENSION, 18

CREATE EXTERNAL JOB, 18

CREATE INDEXTYPE, 18

CREATE JOB, 18

CREATE LIBRARY, 18

CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW, 18

CREATE MEASURE FOLDER, 18

CREATE MINING MODEL, 18

CREATE OPERATOR, 18

CREATE PROCEDURE, 18

CREATE PROFILE, 18

CREATE PUBLIC DATABASE LINK, 18

CREATE PUBLIC SYNONYM, 18

CREATE ROLE, 18

CREATE ROLLBACK SEGMENT, 18

CREATE SEQUENCE, 18

CREATE SESSION, 18

CREATE SYNONYM, 18

CREATE TABLE, 18

CREATE TABLESPACE, 18

CREATE TRIGGER, 18

CREATE TYPE, 18

CREATE USER, 18

CREATE VIEW, 18

DEBUG ANY PROCEDURE, 18

DELETE ANY CUBE DIMENSION, 18

DELETE ANY MEASURE FOLDER, 18

DELETE ANY TABLE, 18

DROP ANY CLUSTER, 18

DROP ANY CONTEXT, 18

DROP ANY CUBE, 18

DROP ANY CUBE BUILD PROCESS, 18

DROP ANY CUBE DIMENSION, 18

DROP ANY DIMENSION, 18

DROP ANY DIRECTORY, 18

DROP ANY INDEX, 18

DROP ANY INDEXTYPE, 18

DROP ANY LIBRARY, 18

DROP ANY MATERIALIZED VIEW, 18

DROP ANY MEASURE FOLDER, 18

DROP ANY MINING MODEL, 18

DROP ANY OPERATOR, 18

DROP ANY OUTLINE, 18

DROP ANY PROCEDURE, 18

DROP ANY ROLE, 18

DROP ANY SEQUENCE, 18

DROP ANY SQL PROFILE, 18

DROP ANY SYNONYM, 18

DROP ANY TABLE, 18

DROP ANY TRIGGER, 18

DROP ANY TYPE, 18

DROP ANY VIEW, 18

DROP PROFILE, 18

DROP PUBLIC DATABASE LINK, 18

DROP PUBLIC SYNONYM, 18

DROP ROLLBACK SEGMENT, 18

DROP TABLESPACE, 18

DROP USER, 18

EXECUTE ANY CLASS, 18

EXECUTE ANY INDEXTYPE, 18

EXECUTE ANY LIBRARY, 18

EXECUTE ANY OPERATOR, 18

EXECUTE ANY PROCEDURE, 18

EXECUTE ANY PROGRAM, 18

EXECUTE ANY TYPE, 18

EXEMPT ACCESS POLICY, 18

FLASHBACK ANY TABLE, 18, 18, 18

FLASHBACK ARCHIVE ADMINISTER, 18

for job scheduler tasks, 18

for the Advisor framework, 18

FORCE ANY TRANSACTION, 18

FORCE TRANSACTION, 18

GLOBAL QUERY REWRITE, 18

GRANT ANY OBJECT PRIVILEGE, 18

GRANT ANY PRIVILEGE, 18

GRANT ANY ROLE, 18

granting, 15, 18

to a role, 18

to a user, 18

to PUBLIC, 18

INSERT ANY CUBE DIMENSION, 18

INSERT ANY MEASURE FOLDER, 18

INSERT ANY TABLE, 18

list of, 13, 18

LOCK ANY TABLE, 18

MANAGE SCHEDULER, 18

MANAGE TABLESPACE, 18

MERGE ANY VIEW, 18

ON COMMIT REFRESH, 18

QUERY REWRITE, 18

RESTRICTED SESSION, 18, 18

RESUMABLE, 18

revoking, 18

from a role, 18

from a user, 18

from PUBLIC, 18

SELECT ANY CUBE, 18

SELECT ANY CUBE DIMENSION, 18

SELECT ANY DICTIONARY, 18

SELECT ANY MINING MODEL, 18

SELECT ANY SEQUENCE, 18

SELECT ANY TABLE, 18

SYSDBA, 18

SYSOPER, 18

UNDER ANY TYPE, 18

UNDER ANY VIEW, 18

UNLIMITED TABLESPACE, 18

UPDATE ANY CUBE, 18

UPDATE ANY CUBE BUILD PROCESS, 18

UPDATE ANY CUBE DIMENSION, 18

UPDATE ANY TABLE, 18

SYSTEM tablespace

locally managed, 14

SYSTEM user

assigning password for, 14

SYSTIMESTAMP function, 5.6

T

TABLE clause

of ANALYZE, 13

of INSERT, 18

of SELECT, 19, 19

of TRUNCATE, 19

of UPDATE, 19, 19

TABLE collection expression, 19

table compression, 11, 12, 15, 16

basic, 16

during bulk load operations, 16

for archiving data, 16

hybrid columnar, 16

OLTP, 16

table locks

disabling, 12

duration of, 18

enabling, 12

EXCLUSIVE, 18, 18

modes of, 18

on partitions, 18

on remote database, 18

on subpartitions, 18

ROW EXCLUSIVE, 18, 18

ROW SHARE, 18, 18

SHARE, 18

SHARE ROW EXCLUSIVE, 18

SHARE UPDATE, 18

and queries, 18

table partitions

compression of, 12, 16

table REF constraints, 8

of CREATE TABLE, 16

tables

adding rows to, 18

aliases, 3.9.5

in CREATE INDEX, 14

in DELETE, 17

allocating extents for, 12

assigning to a cluster, 16

changing degree of parallelism on, 12

changing existing values in, 19

collecting statistics on, 13

comments on, 13

compression of, 12, 16

creating, 16

multiple, 15

creating comments about, 13

data stored outside database, 16

deallocating unused space from, 12

default physical attributes

changing, 12

degree of parallelism

specifying, 16

disassociating statistics types from, 18

dropping

along with cluster, 17

along with owner, 18

indexes of, 18

partitions of, 18

enabling tracking, 16

external, 16

creating, 16

restrictions on, 16

externally organized, 16

flashing back to an earlier version, 18

granting system privileges for, 18

heap organized, 16

index-organized, 16

overflow segment for, 16

space in index block, 16

inserting rows with a subquery, 16

inserting using the direct-path method, 18

joining in a query, 19

LOB storage of, 8

locking, 18

logging

insert operations, 12

table creation, 16

migrated and chained rows in, 13

moving, 12

moving to a new segment, 12

moving, index-organized, 12

nested

storage characteristics, 16

object

creating, 16

querying, 16

of XMLType, creating, 16

organization, defining, 16

parallel creation of, 16

parallelism

setting default degree, 16

partition attributes of, 12

partitioning, 3.9.4, 16, 16

allowing rows to move between partitions, 12

default attributes of, 12

physical attributes

changing, 12

purging from the recycle bin, 18

read-only mode, 12

read/write mode, 12

reference-partitioned, 12, 12, 16

relational

creating, 16

remote, accessing, 14

removing from the database, 18

removing rows from, 17

renaming, 12, 18

restricting

records in a block, 12

retrieving data from, 19

saving blocks in a cache, 16

SQL examples, 16

storage attributes

defining, 16

storage characteristics

defining, 8

storage properties of, 16, 16

subpartition attributes of, 12

synonyms for, 16

tablespace for

defining, 16, 16

temporary

duration of data, 16

session-specific, 16

transaction specific, 16

unclustering, 17

updating through views, 17

validating structure, 13

XMLType, querying, 16

TABLESPACE clause

of ALTER INDEX ... REBUILD, 10.2

of CREATE CLUSTER, 14

of CREATE INDEX, 14

of CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW, 15

of CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW LOG, 15

of CREATE TABLE, 16

tablespaces, 12

allocating space for users, 17

allowing write operations on, 12

automatic segment-space management, 16

backing up data files, 12

bigfile, 16

database default, 14

default temporary, 14

resizing, 12

undo, 14

bringing online, 12, 16

coalescing free extents, 12

converting

from permanent to temporary, 12

from temporary to permanent, 12

creating, 16

data files

adding, 12

renaming, 12

default, 10.2

specifying for a user, 13

default permanent, 14

default temporary, 10.2

learning name of, 10.2

designing media recovery, 10.2

dropping contents, 18

encrypting, 8, 16

ending online backup, 12

extent size, 16

granting system privileges for, 18

in FLASHBACK mode, 12, 16

in FORCE LOGGING mode, 12, 16

locally managed, 8

altering, 12

logging attribute, 12, 16

managing extents of, 16

read only, 12

reconstructing lost or damaged, 10.2, 10.2

recovering, 10.2, 10.2

removing from the database, 18

renaming, 12

size of free extents in, 12

smallfile, 16

database default, 14

default temporary, 14

undo, 14

specifying

data files for, 16

for a table, 16

for a user, 17

for index rebuild, 12

taking offline, 12, 16

temp files

adding, 12

temporary

creating, 16

defining for the database, 14

shrinking, 12

specifying for a user, 13, 17

undo

altering, 12

creating, 14, 16

dropping, 18

TAN function, 5.6

TANH function, 5.6

temp files

defining for a tablespace, 16, 16, 16

defining for the database, 14

disabling autoextend, 10.2

dropping, 12

enabling autoextend, 8, 10.2

extending automatically, 8

renaming, 10.2

resizing, 10.2

reusing, 8

shrinking, 12

size of, 8

specifying, 8, 8

TEMPFILE clause

of ALTER DATABASE, 10.2, 10.2

tempfiles

bringing online, 10.2

dropping, 10.2

taking offline, 10.2

TEMPORARY clause

of ALTER TABLESPACE, 12

of CREATE TABLESPACE, 16

temporary tables

creating, 16, 16

session-specific, 16

transaction-specific, 16

TEMPORARY TABLESPACE clause

of ALTER USER, 13

of ALTER USER. See CREATE USER

of CREATE USER, 17

temporary tablespace groups

reassigning for a user, 13

specifying for a user, 17

temporary tablespaces

creating, 16

default, 10.2

specifying extent management during database creation, 14

specifying for a user, 13, 17

TEST clause

of ALTER DATABASE ... RECOVER, 10.2

testing for a set, 7.6.1

text

date and number formats, 3.4

literals

in SQL syntax, 3.3.1

properties of CHAR and VARCHAR2 data types, 3.3.1

syntax of, 3.3.1

text literals

conversion to database character set, 3.3.1

TH datetime format element suffix, 3.4.2.5

throughput

optimizing, 3.6.4.1

THSP datetime format element suffix, 3.4.2.5

TIME data type

DB2, 3.1.3, 3.1.3

SQL/DS, 3.1.3, 3.1.3

time format models

short, 3.4.1.1, 3.4.2.1.2

time zone

changing time zone data file, 5.6

converting data to particular, 6.7

determining for session, 5.6

formatting, 3.4.2.1.2

setting for the database, 14

TIME_ZONE session parameter, 11

timestamp

converting to local time zone, 6.7

TIMESTAMP data type, 3.1.1.11

DB2, 3.1.3, 3.1.3

SQL/DS, 3.1.3, 3.1.3

TIMESTAMP WITH LOCAL TIME ZONE data type, 3.1.1.13

TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE data type, 3.1.1.12

TIMESTAMP_TO_SCN function, 5.6

TO SAVEPOINT clause

of ROLLBACK, 18

TO_BINARY_DOUBLE function, 5.6

TO_BINARY_FLOAT function, 5.6

TO_BLOB function, 5.6

TO_CHAR

datetime conversion function, 5.6

number conversion function, 5.6

TO_CHAR (character) function, 5.6

TO_CHAR function, 3.4.1, 3.4.2, 3.4.3

TO_CLOB function, 5.6

TO_DATE function, 3.4.2, 3.4.2.4, 3.4.3, 5.6

TO_DSINTERVAL function, 5.6

TO_LOB function, 5.6

TO_MULTI_BYTE function, 5.6

TO_NCHAR (character) function, 5.6

TO_NCHAR (datetime) function, 5.6

TO_NCHAR (number) function, 5.6

TO_NCLOB function, 5.6

TO_NUMBER function, 3.4.1, 5.6

TO_SINGLE_BYTE function, 5.6

TO_TIMESTAMP function, 5.6

TO_TIMESTAMP_TZ function

SQL functions

TO_TIMESTAMP_TZ, 5.6

TO_YMINTERVAL function, 5.6

top-level SQL statements, 13

top-N reporting, 2.9, 5.6, 5.6, 5.6

tracking

enabling for a table, 12, 16

transaction control statements, 10.1.3

PL/SQL support of, 10.1.3

transactions

allowing to complete, 11

assigning

rollback segment to, 19

automatically committing, 13

changes, making permanent, 13

commenting on, 13

distributed, forcing, 11

ending, 13

implicit commit of, 10.1.1, 10.1.2, 10.1.4, 10.1.5

in-doubt

committing, 13

forcing, 13

resolving, 19

isolation level, 19

locks, releasing, 13

naming, 19

read-only, 19

read/write, 19

rolling back, 11, 18

to a savepoint, 18

savepoints for, 19

TRANSLATE ... USING function, 5.6

TRANSLATE function, 5.6

Transparent Data Encryption, 16

master key, 11

TREAT function, 5.6

triggers

compiling, 13

creating, 16

database

altering, 13

dropping, 18, 18

disabling, 12, 13

enabling, 12, 13, 13, 16

granting system privileges for, 18

INSTEAD OF

dropping, 17

re-creating, 16

removing from the database, 18

renaming, 13

TRIM function, 5.6

TRUNC function

date function, 5.6

format models, 5.6

number function, 5.6

TRUNCATE PARTITION clause

of ALTER TABLE, 12

TRUNCATE SUBPARTITION clause

of ALTER TABLE, 12

TRUNCATE_CLUSTER statement, 19

TRUNCATE_TABLE statement, 19

type constructor expressions, 6.14

types. See object types or data types

TZ_OFFSET function, 5.6

U

UID function, 5.6

unary operators, 4.1.1

UNDER ANY TYPE system privilege, 18

UNDER ANY VIEW system privilege, 18

UNDER clause

of CREATE VIEW, 17

UNDER object privilege

on a type, 18

on a view, 18

UNDER_PATH condition, 7.9.2

undo

rollback, 11, 14

system managed, 11, 14

UNDO tablespace clause

of CREATE DATABASE, 14

of CREATE TABLESPACE, 16

undo tablespaces

creating, 14, 16

dropping, 18

modifying, 12

preserving unexpired data, 12, 16

UNDO_RETENTION initialization parameter

setting with ALTER SYSTEM, 18

UNIFORM clause

of CREATE TABLESPACE, 16

UNION ALL set operator, 4.5, 19

UNION set operator, 4.5, 19

UNIQUE clause

of CREATE INDEX, 14

of CREATE TABLE, 16

of SELECT, 19

unique constraints

conditional, 14

enabling, 16

index on, 16

unique elements of, 5.6

unique indexes, 14

unique queries, 19

UNISTR function, 5.6

universal rowids. See urowids

UNLIMITED TABLESPACE system privilege, 18

UNNEST hint, 3.6.4.70

unnesting collections, 19

examples, 19

unnesting subqueries, 9.8

unpivot operations, 19

examples, 19

syntax, 19

UNQUIESCE clause

of ALTER SYSTEM, 11

UNRECOVERABLE, 10.2, 16

V

VALIDATE clause

of DROP TYPE, 18

VALIDATE REF UPDATE clause

of ANALYZE, 13

VALIDATE STRUCTURE clause

of ANALYZE, 13

validation

of clusters, 13

of database objects

offline, 13

of database objects, online, 13

of indexes, 13

of tables, 13

VALUE function, 5.6

VALUES clause

of CREATE INDEX, 14

of INSERT, 18

VALUES LESS THAN clause

of CREATE TABLE, 16

VAR_POP function, 5.6

VAR_SAMP function, 5.6

VARCHAR data type, 3.1.1.5

VARCHAR2 data type, 3.1.1.4

converting to NUMBER, 3.4.1

VARGRAPHIC data type

DB2, 3.1.3, 3.1.3

SQL/DS, 3.1.3, 3.1.3

VARIANCE function, 5.6

VARRAY clause

of ALTER TABLE, 12, 12

VARRAY column properties

of ALTER TABLE, 12, 12, 12

of CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW, 15, 15

of CREATE TABLE, 16, 16

varrays, 3.1.4.3

changing returned value, 12

compared with nested tables, 3.2.5

comparison rules, 3.2.5

creating, 17

dropping the body of, 18

dropping the specification of, 18

modifying column properties, 12

storage characteristics, 12, 12, 16

storing out of line, 3.1.4.3

varying arrays. See varrays

view constraints, 8, 17

and materialized views, 8

dropping, 18

modifying, 13

views

base tables

adding rows, 18

changing

definition, 18

values in base tables, 19

creating

before base tables, 17

comments about, 13

multiple, 15

creating object subviews, 17

defining, 17

dropping constraints on, 13

editioning, 17

granting system privileges for, 18

modifying constraints on, 13

object, creating, 17

recompiling, 13

re-creating, 17

remote, accessing, 14

removing

from the database, 18

rows from the base table of, 17

renaming, 18

retrieving data from, 19

subquery of, 17

restricting, 17

synonyms for, 16

updatable, 17

with joins

and key-preserved tables, 17

making updatable, 17

XMLType, 17

XMLType, creating, 17

XMLType, querying, 17

virtual columns

adding to a table, 12

creating, 16

modifying, 12

VSIZE function, 5.6

W

WHENEVER NOT SUCCESSFUL clause

of NOAUDIT, 18

WHENEVER SUCCESSFUL clause

of AUDIT sql_statements, 13

of NOAUDIT, 18

WHERE clause

of DELETE, 17

of queries and subqueries, 19

of SELECT, 9.3

of UPDATE, 19

WIDTH_BUCKET function, 5.6

WITH ADMIN OPTION clause

of GRANT, 18

WITH CHECK OPTION clause

of CREATE VIEW, 17, 17

of DELETE, 17

of INSERT, 18

of SELECT, 19

of UPDATE, 19

WITH GRANT OPTION clause

of GRANT, 18

WITH HIERARCHY OPTION

of GRANT, 18

WITH INDEX CONTEXT clause

of CREATE OPERATOR, 15

WITH OBJECT ID clause

of CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW LOG, 15

WITH OBJECT IDENTIFIER clause

of CREATE VIEW, 17

WITH OBJECT OID. See WITH OBJECT IDENTIFIER.

WITH PRIMARY KEY clause

of ALTER MATERIALIZED VIEW, 11

of CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW ... REFRESH, 15

of CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW LOG, 15

WITH READ ONLY clause

of CREATE VIEW, 17, 17

of DELETE, 17

of INSERT, 18

of SELECT, 19

of UPDATE, 19

WITH ROWID clause

of column ref constraints, 8

of CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW ... REFRESH, 15

of CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW LOG, 15

WITH SEQUENCE clause

of CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW LOG, 15

WRITE clause

of COMMIT, 13

WRITE object privilege

on a directory, 18

X

XML

examples, F.2

XML conditions, 7.9

XML data

storage of, 16

XML database repository

SQL access to, 7.9.1, 7.9.2

XML documents

producing from XML fragments, 5.6

retrieving from the database, 5.6

XML format models, 3.4.5

XML fragments, 5.6

XML functions, 5.2.12

XMLAGG function, 5.6

XMLCAST function, 5.6

XMLCDATA function, 5.6

XMLCOMMENT function, 5.6

XMLCONCAT function, 5.6

XMLDATA pseudocolumn, 2.10

XMLDiff function, 5.6

XMLExists function, 5.6

XMLGenFormatType object, 3.4.5

XMLIndex

creating, 14

modifying, 10.2

XMLISVALID function, 5.6

XMLPARSE function, 5.6

XMLPI function, 5.6

XMLQUERY function, 5.6

XMLROOT function, 5.6

XMLSchemas

adding to a table, 16

single and multiple, 16

XMLSERIALIZE function, 5.6

XMLTABLE function, 5.6

XMLType columns

properties of, 12, 16

storage of, 16, 16

storing in binary XML format, 16

XMLType storage clause

of CREATE TABLE, 16

XMLType tables

creating, 16, 16

creating index on, 14

XMLType views, 17

querying, 17

Z

CREATE PACKAGE BODY statement, 15, 18